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Microorganisms
Volume 13
Issue 4
10.3390/microorganisms13040703
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Case Report

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Despite Severe Fusarium solani Infection in a Lung Transplanted Patient—A Case Report

by
Monica Tozzi
1,†,
Adele Santoni
2,*,†,
Marta Franceschini
2,
Margherita Malchiodi
2,
Irene Bernareggi
2,
Beatrice Esposito Vangone
2,
Corrado Zuanelli Brambilla
2,
Elisabetta Zappone
2,
Mariapia Lenoci
1,
Francesca Toraldo
1,
Valeria Del Re
1,
Alice Pietrini
3,
Elena Marchini
3,
Antonella Fossi
4,
David Bennett
4,
Elena Bargagli
4,
Giuseppe Marotta
1,
Alessandro Bucalossi
1 and
Monica Bocchia
2
1
Cellular Therapy and Blood Establishment Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
2
Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
3
Apheresis Unit, Blood Transfusion Service, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, 53100 Siena, Italy
4
Respiratory Diseases, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Senese, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Microorganisms 2025, 13(4), 703; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040703
Submission received: 23 December 2024 / Revised: 15 March 2025 / Accepted: 18 March 2025 / Published: 21 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research on Relevant Clinical Infections)
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Abstract

Solid-organ transplant patients require prolonged immunosuppression, increasing their risk of hematologic disorders. For these conditions, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potential treatment, but it carries significant risk of treatment-related mortality due to the high possibility of developing rare infectious complications. We report a case of a 55-years-old male with a history of bilateral lung transplantation for extrinsic allergic alveolitis in 2015, who developed acute myeloid leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (AML/MDS) with TP53 mutation seven years later. During induction therapy, he experienced systemic fungal infection caused by Fusarium solani and he underwent HSCT conditioning with active intravitreal fungal infection. It is noteworthy that cases of patients undergoing HSCT after a prior lung transplant are exceedingly rare. The medical literature primarily documents cases where HSCT is performed first, followed by lung complications. Cases with the opposite timeline are extremely uncommon, and there is limited data on their outcomes; thus, the patient depicted here may help management and decision making of physicians facing this rare sequence of diseases and treatments.
Keywords: Fusarium solani; fungal infection; allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; lung transplant; acute myeloid leukemia Fusarium solani; fungal infection; allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; lung transplant; acute myeloid leukemia

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tozzi, M.; Santoni, A.; Franceschini, M.; Malchiodi, M.; Bernareggi, I.; Esposito Vangone, B.; Zuanelli Brambilla, C.; Zappone, E.; Lenoci, M.; Toraldo, F.; et al. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Despite Severe Fusarium solani Infection in a Lung Transplanted Patient—A Case Report. Microorganisms 2025, 13, 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040703

AMA Style

Tozzi M, Santoni A, Franceschini M, Malchiodi M, Bernareggi I, Esposito Vangone B, Zuanelli Brambilla C, Zappone E, Lenoci M, Toraldo F, et al. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Despite Severe Fusarium solani Infection in a Lung Transplanted Patient—A Case Report. Microorganisms. 2025; 13(4):703. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040703

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tozzi, Monica, Adele Santoni, Marta Franceschini, Margherita Malchiodi, Irene Bernareggi, Beatrice Esposito Vangone, Corrado Zuanelli Brambilla, Elisabetta Zappone, Mariapia Lenoci, Francesca Toraldo, and et al. 2025. "Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Despite Severe Fusarium solani Infection in a Lung Transplanted Patient—A Case Report" Microorganisms 13, no. 4: 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040703

APA Style

Tozzi, M., Santoni, A., Franceschini, M., Malchiodi, M., Bernareggi, I., Esposito Vangone, B., Zuanelli Brambilla, C., Zappone, E., Lenoci, M., Toraldo, F., Del Re, V., Pietrini, A., Marchini, E., Fossi, A., Bennett, D., Bargagli, E., Marotta, G., Bucalossi, A., & Bocchia, M. (2025). Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Despite Severe Fusarium solani Infection in a Lung Transplanted Patient—A Case Report. Microorganisms, 13(4), 703. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13040703

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