Effect of Dietary Sugarcane Bagasse on Reproductive Performance, Constipation, and Gut Microbiota of Gestational Sows
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals, Experimental Design, and Sample Collection
2.2. Determination of Nutrients and Swelling Rates of Different Fiber Ingredients
2.3. Determination of Fecal Score and Constipation Rate during Pregnancy
2.4. Determination of the Fecal SCFAs Profile
2.5. 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and Microbiome Analysis
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Nutrients of Different Fiber Raw Materials
3.2. Water Swelling Performance of Different Fiber Raw Materials
3.3. Reproductive Performance and Fecal Parameters of Sows
3.4. Short-Chain Fatty Acids Status
3.5. Gut Microbiota
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Items | CON | 5% SB | 10% SB | 15% SB |
---|---|---|---|---|
Corn | 42.195 | 43.045 | 44.005 | 44.875 |
Soybean meal | 7.7 | 9.5 | 11.2 | 13.0 |
Wheat bran | 22.9 | 20.2 | 17.5 | 14.8 |
Soybean hulls | 15 | 10 | 5 | 0 |
Sugarcane bagasse | 0 | 5 | 10 | 15 |
Flour | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
Stone powder | 1.22 | 1.20 | 1.16 | 1.12 |
Soybean oil | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
NaCl | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.35 | 0.35 |
CaHPO4 | 0.30 | 0.42 | 0.56 | 0.68 |
L-Lysine H2SO4 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.19 | 0.15 |
NaHCO3 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
Mineral premix 1 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
MgO | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
Choline chloride | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
Antifungal agent | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
L-Threonine | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
DL-Methionine | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
Vitamin premix 2 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
Antioxidants | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 |
Xylanase | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
Phytase | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 |
Total (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Nutrient levels 3 | ||||
NE (MJ/kg) | 9.21 | 9.21 | 9.21 | 9.21 |
DM, % | 88.49 | 88.63 | 88.77 | 88.91 |
CP, % | 12.98 | 13.01 | 12.99 | 13.01 |
Ash, % | 5.03 | 5.03 | 5.03 | 5.00 |
CF, % | 8.83 | 9.05 | 9.27 | 9.49 |
NDF, % | 22.44 | 22.63 | 22.82 | 23.02 |
ADF, % | 10.38 | 10.64 | 10.89 | 11.15 |
Ca, % | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.70 |
TP, % | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
SID Lys, % | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.60 | 0.60 |
SID Met, % | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 | 0.22 |
SID Thr, % | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.42 | 0.42 |
Nutritional Indicators | Soybean Hulls | Wheat Bran | Sugarcane Bagasse |
---|---|---|---|
DM, % | 91.5 | 86.35 | 94.1 |
Ash, % | 4.25 | 5.52 | 3.4 |
CP, % | 9.5 | 15.8 | 1.38 |
EE, % | 2.07 | 2.95 | 0.9 |
CF, % | 37.5 | 10.3 | 42.1 |
NDF, % | 60 | 40 | 81.3 |
NE, Kcal/Kg | 1397 | 1492 | 1000 |
Items | CON | 5% SB | 10% SB | 15% SB | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Back fat, mm | 14.23 ± 1.54 | 14.10 ± 1.84 | 14.20 ± 1.49 | 14.18 ± 1.45 | 0.996 |
Days of gestation, d | 116.3 ± 1.10 ab | 116.9 ± 0.60 a | 116.4 ± 1.30 ab | 115.9 ± 1.20 b | 0.054 |
Feed intake, kg | 2.39 ± 0.18 | 2.40 ± 0.14 | 2.48 ± 0.19 | 2.48 ± 0.14 | 0.274 |
Litter size, n | 14.25 ± 2.43 | 14.63 ± 2.03 | 13.43 ± 2.61 | 14.94 ± 2.74 | 0.356 |
Born alive, n | 13.31 ± 2.27 | 14.06 ± 1.95 | 12.75 ± 2.46 | 13.68 ± 2.60 | 0.436 |
Healthy piglets, n | 11.25 ± 2.59 | 12.18 ± 2.17 | 10.88 ± 2.33 | 11.94 ± 2.89 | 0.278 |
Weak piglets, n | 2.06 ± 2.52 | 1.88 ± 3.05 | 1.88 ± 2.58 | 1.75 ± 2.38 | 0.990 |
Stillborn, n | 0.75 ± 1.18 | 0.50 ± 0.97 | 0.63 ± 1.02 | 1.06 ± 0.93 | 0.457 |
Mummies, n | 0.19 ± 0.40 | 0.06 ± 0.25 | 0.06 ± 0.25 | 0.19 ± 0.40 | 0.532 |
Litter birth weight, kg | 15.83 ± 2.61 b | 17.46 ± 1.76 a | 15.12 ± 2.15 b | 16.71 ± 2.10 ab | 0.036 |
Birth weight/piglet, kg | 1.21 ± 0.27 | 1.26 ± 0.20 | 1.21 ± 0.22 | 1.22 ± 0.19 | 0.933 |
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Huang, R.-H.; Zhang, B.-B.; Wang, J.; Zhao, W.; Huang, Y.-X.; Liu, Y.; Sun, L.-H.; Deng, Z.-C. Effect of Dietary Sugarcane Bagasse on Reproductive Performance, Constipation, and Gut Microbiota of Gestational Sows. Animals 2024, 14, 2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172523
Huang R-H, Zhang B-B, Wang J, Zhao W, Huang Y-X, Liu Y, Sun L-H, Deng Z-C. Effect of Dietary Sugarcane Bagasse on Reproductive Performance, Constipation, and Gut Microbiota of Gestational Sows. Animals. 2024; 14(17):2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172523
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Rong-Hui, Bing-Bing Zhang, Juan Wang, Wei Zhao, Yu-Xuan Huang, Ying Liu, Lv-Hui Sun, and Zhang-Chao Deng. 2024. "Effect of Dietary Sugarcane Bagasse on Reproductive Performance, Constipation, and Gut Microbiota of Gestational Sows" Animals 14, no. 17: 2523. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14172523