Carbazole and Simplified Derivatives: Novel Tools toward β-Adrenergic Receptors Targeting
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Chemistry
2.1.1. 1,4-Dimethyl-6-methoxy-carbazole (2)
2.1.2. 1,4-Dimethyl-6-hydroxy-carbazole (3)
2.1.3. 5,8-Dimethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl Ethyl Carbonate (4)
2.1.4. 5-Methoxy-1-methylindole (5)
2.1.5. 5-Hydroxy-1-methylindole (6)
2.1.6. Ethyl 3-(5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)but-2-enoate (7)
2.1.7. 1-Methyl-1H-indol-5-yl-but-2-ynoate (8)
2.1.8. Indol-5-yl-but-2-ynoate (10)
2.2. Molecular Docking
2.3. Cell Culture
2.4. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-)2,5-diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) Assay
2.5. Morphological Analysis of H9c2 Cells
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Chemistry
3.2. Molecular Docking
3.3. In Vitro Findings
Effect of Compounds 8 and 10 on Cell Proliferation and ISO-Dependent Hypertrophy in H9c2 Cardiomyocytes
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | Binding Energy (kal/mol) |
---|---|
4 | −8.0 |
7 | −7.7 |
8 | −7.5 |
10 | −7.8 |
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Grande, F.; De Bartolo, A.; Occhiuzzi, M.A.; Caruso, A.; Rocca, C.; Pasqua, T.; Carocci, A.; Rago, V.; Angelone, T.; Sinicropi, M.S. Carbazole and Simplified Derivatives: Novel Tools toward β-Adrenergic Receptors Targeting. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 5486. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125486
Grande F, De Bartolo A, Occhiuzzi MA, Caruso A, Rocca C, Pasqua T, Carocci A, Rago V, Angelone T, Sinicropi MS. Carbazole and Simplified Derivatives: Novel Tools toward β-Adrenergic Receptors Targeting. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11(12):5486. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125486
Chicago/Turabian StyleGrande, Fedora, Anna De Bartolo, Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi, Anna Caruso, Carmine Rocca, Teresa Pasqua, Alessia Carocci, Vittoria Rago, Tommaso Angelone, and Maria Stefania Sinicropi. 2021. "Carbazole and Simplified Derivatives: Novel Tools toward β-Adrenergic Receptors Targeting" Applied Sciences 11, no. 12: 5486. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125486