Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivative Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Fabrication Strategy of 2D MOF and Their Derivatives
2.1. Fabrication Strategy of 2D MOF
2.1.1. Top-Down Synthesis
Mechanical Exfoliation
Chemical Exfoliation
2.1.2. Bottom-Up Fabrication
Formwork-Assisted Methods
Interface or Interlayer Growth Method
Surface-Active Agent-Assisted Methods
Molecular Modulation-Assisted Synthesis
2.2. Fabrication Strategy of 2D MOF Derivative
3. Application of 2D MOFs and Their Derivatives for Water Splitting
3.1. Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
3.2. Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Catalyst Name | Type | Electrolyte | η [mV] | Tafel Slope [mV dec−1] | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[Cu(2,5-pydc)(H2O)]n·2H2O NSs | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 340 | 70 | [132] |
NiFe-MOF-74 | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 195 | 136 | [156] |
Ni3S2@2D Co-MOF/CP | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 140 | 90.3 | [133] |
2D CoP/Co-MOF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 0.5 M H2SO4 | 52 | 49 | [157] |
1.0 M KOH | 26 | 53 | |||
1.0 M PBS | 106 | 89 | |||
NiCoSe | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 170 | 82.3 | [134] |
FeS2-MoS2@CoS2-MOF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 92 | 70.4 | [158] |
FeNi3–Fe3O4 NPs/MOF-CNT | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 108 | 96.7 | [182] |
CCS-NiFeP | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 56 | 38 | [184] |
Ni/Ni3S2@CN | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 141 | 91 | [185] |
0.5 M H2SO4 | 187 | 83 | |||
Ce-MOF@Pt | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 208 | 188.1 | [186] |
Pt@CuFe-LDHm | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 33 | 34 | [187] |
0.1 M KOH | 47 | 50.2 | |||
1.0 M PBS | 120 | 85.6 | |||
Fe-NiS/MoS2 | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 120 | 69 | [188] |
Ni@CoO@CoMOFC | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 138 | 59 | [189] |
CoNiP/NF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 147 | 51 | [190] |
TS-Co3O4@VS2 | 2D MOFs derivatives | 0.5 M H2SO4 | 175.2 | 57 | [191] |
Catalyst Name | Type | Electrolyte | η [mV] | Tafel Slope [mV dec−1] | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NiFe-MOF-74 | 2D MOFs | 1.0 m KOH | 208 | 54 | [156] |
NiCoSe | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 278 [20 mA cm−2] | 92 | [134] |
FeS2-MoS2@CoS2-MOF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 211 [20 mA cm−2] | 64.5 | [158] |
NiCo-MOF | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 310 | 106.3 | [178] |
2D MOF-Fe/Co | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 238 | 52 | [179] |
NiFe MOF/NF | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 221 | 40 | [180] |
Te,Cl-NiFe MOF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 224 [30 mA cm−2] | 37.6 | [181] |
FeNi3–Fe3O4 NPs/MOF-CNT | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 234 | 37 | [182] |
Fe-CoP/C | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 290 | 50 | [183] |
Ce-MOF@Pt | 2D MOFs | 1.0 M KOH | 340 | 47.9 | [186] |
Fe-NiS/MoS2 | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 297 | 54.7 | [188] |
NiFe-BTC/CCHH/NF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 270 [50 mA cm−2] | / | [192] |
Ni@CoO@CoMOFC | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 247 | 51 | [189] |
CoNiP/NF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 234 | 47 | [190] |
Ru-NiFeP/NF | 2D MOFs derivatives | 1.0 M KOH | 179 | 44.9 | [193] |
4. Summary and Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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2D MOF | Synthesis Method | Synthesis Strategy | Topography | Thickness | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
[Cu2Br(IN)2]n | Top-down Synthesis | Ultrasonic exfoliation | uniform | 0.5 ± 0.015 nm | [103] |
ZSB-1 | Top-down Synthesis | Wet sphere milling/ultrasonic | uniform | 11.8 ± 2.3 nm | [104] |
vdW MOF-2 | Top-down Synthesis | Micro-mechanical peel-off | uneven | 10.0 nm | [107] |
Zn2(bim)3 | Top-down Synthesis | Wet sphere milling/ultrasonic | uneven | 1.6 nm | [108] |
Zn2(PdTCPP) | Top-down Synthesis | Intercalation and chemical exfoliation | uneven | 1.0 nm | [109] |
[Co(Ni-H7TPPP)2]·8H2O | Top-down Synthesis | Chemical exfoliation | uneven | 3.9 ± 0.2 nm | [110] |
Co6O(dhbdc)2 | Top-down Synthesis | Electrochemical/chemical exfoliation | wrinkled | 2 nm | [111] |
ZIF-L | Bottom-up Synthesis | Template assisted | uneven | 5.5 µm | [112] |
Meso-CuBDC | Bottom-up Synthesis | Sacrificial templates | small square shape | 8.0 nm | [113] |
Ag3BHT2 | Bottom-up Synthesis | liquid–liquid interfacial growth | disordered | 200 nm | [115] |
Ni-MOF | Bottom-up Synthesis | liquid–liquid interfacial growth | uniform | 5 nm | [116] |
CuBDC | Bottom-up Synthesis | Interfacial synthesis | uniform | 5–25 nm | [117] |
Zn-TCPP | Bottom-up Synthesis | Surface-active agent-assisted | uniform | 7.6 ± 2.6 nm | [118] |
Co/Zn-porphyrin | Bottom-up Synthesis | Surfactant-assisted | wrinkled | 4–5 nm | [119] |
HXP | Bottom-up Synthesis | Molecular modulation assisted | uniform | 20 nm | [123] |
[Cu(2,5-pydc)(H2O)]n·2H2O | Bottom-up Synthesis | Ultrasonic exfoliation | uniform | 126 nm | [132] |
Ni3S2@2D Co-MOF | Bottom-up Synthesis | Self-sacrificial template | rough | 60 nm | [133] |
NiCoSe | Bottom-up Synthesis | ion-exchange | uniform | 230 nm | [134] |
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Shen, L.; Qian, Y.; Lyu, Z.; Kim, D.-H.; Kang, D.J. Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivative Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13, 9343. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169343
Shen L, Qian Y, Lyu Z, Kim D-H, Kang DJ. Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivative Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(16):9343. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169343
Chicago/Turabian StyleShen, Lin, Yongteng Qian, Zhiyi Lyu, Dong-Hwan Kim, and Dae Joon Kang. 2023. "Two-Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks and Their Derivative Electrocatalysts for Water Splitting" Applied Sciences 13, no. 16: 9343. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169343