Experimental Study of the Influence of Occupants on Speech Intelligibility in an Automotive Cabin
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Measurements
2.2. STI Measurements
2.3. Subjective Experiments
2.3.1. Participants
2.3.2. Stimuli
2.3.3. Procedure
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of Occupants on RT
3.2. Effect of the Occupants on Magnitude Spectrum
3.3. Effect of the Occupants on STI Results
3.4. Effect of Occupants on Subjective SRT Results
3.5. Implications and Limitations
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
STI | Speech Transmission Index |
SRT | Speech–Reception Threshold |
JND | Just-Noticeable Difference |
BRIR | Binaural Room Impulse Response |
SNR | Signal-to-Noise Ratio |
FP-seat | Front Passenger Seat |
BR-seat | Back-Right Seat |
BM-seat | Back-Middle Seat |
BL-seat | Back-Left Seat |
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Group 1 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Speaker | Listener | Occupancy Modes | |||||||
D seat | FP seat | None | BR | BM | BL | BM+BL | BR+BL | BR+BM | BR+BM+BL |
D seat | BR seat | None | FP | BM | BL | BM+BL | FP+BL | FP+BM | FP+BM+BL |
D seat | BM seat | None | FP | BR | BL | BR+BL | FP+BL | FP+BM | FP+BM+BL |
D seat | BL seat | None | FP | BR | BM | BR+BM | FP+BM | FP+BR | FP+BR+BM |
Group 2 | |||||||||
Speaker | Listener | Occupancy modes | |||||||
FP seat | D seat | None | BR | BM | BL | BM+BL | BR+BL | BR+BM | BR+BM+BL |
BR seat | D seat | None | FP | BM | BL | BM+BL | FP+BL | FP+BM | FP+BM+BL |
BM seat | D seat | None | FP | BR | BL | BR+BL | FP+BL | FP+BM | FP+BM+BL |
BL seat | D seat | None | FP | BR | BM | BR+BM | FP+BM | FP+BR | FP+BR+BM |
Speaker | Listener | Variation Range in Magnitude (dB) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
125 Hz | 250 Hz | 500 Hz | 1 kHz | 2 kHz | 4 kHz | 8 kHz | |||
D seat | FP seat | Left | 0.49 | 1.68 | 1.41 | 0.90 | 0.54 | 0.60 | 0.91 |
Right | 0.55 | 0.73 | 0.68 | 0.88 | 0.74 | 0.39 | 0.41 | ||
BR seat | Left | 2.15 | 0.88 | 1.09 | 0.67 | 1.95 | 4.92 | 7.46 | |
Right | 2.20 | 0.77 | 2.88 | 2.21 | 2.00 | 1.87 | 1.48 | ||
BM seat | Left | 1.63 | 0.96 | 1.75 | 3.21 | 0.86 | 2.09 | 3.35 | |
Right | 2.62 | 2.96 | 1.83 | 1.95 | 2.29 | 3.90 | 2.86 | ||
BL seat | Left | 1.13 | 6.91 | 5.23 | 2.00 | 2.01 | 1.65 | 1.50 | |
Right | 4.90 | 10.80 | 3.53 | 1.86 | 2.79 | 1.88 | 4.05 | ||
FP seat | D seat | Left | 0.64 | 0.73 | 1.53 | 1.00 | 1.08 | 0.40 | 0.49 |
Right | 0.83 | 0.37 | 0.64 | 0.57 | 0.52 | 0.32 | 0.35 | ||
BR seat | Left | 2.09 | 1.12 | 1.41 | 1.51 | 2.02 | 0.96 | 0.88 | |
Right | 1.47 | 1.39 | 0.84 | 2.39 | 0.50 | 1.07 | 1.48 | ||
BM seat | Left | 1.33 | 1.28 | 1.16 | 1.93 | 0.74 | 0.55 | 1.09 | |
Right | 1.19 | 1.17 | 1.00 | 1.52 | 0.85 | 1.67 | 0.71 | ||
BL seat | Left | 0.34 | 0.88 | 0.53 | 1.35 | 0.92 | 0.64 | 0.57 | |
Right | 0.67 | 1.23 | 2.04 | 2.43 | 0.92 | 2.64 | 1.50 |
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Liang, L.; Ren, M.; Liao, L.; Zhao, Y.; Xiong, W.; Ou, L. Experimental Study of the Influence of Occupants on Speech Intelligibility in an Automotive Cabin. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 7942. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177942
Liang L, Ren M, Liao L, Zhao Y, Xiong W, Ou L. Experimental Study of the Influence of Occupants on Speech Intelligibility in an Automotive Cabin. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(17):7942. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177942
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiang, Linda, Miao Ren, Linghui Liao, Ye Zhao, Wei Xiong, and Liuying Ou. 2024. "Experimental Study of the Influence of Occupants on Speech Intelligibility in an Automotive Cabin" Applied Sciences 14, no. 17: 7942. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177942