Hybrid Strategy Improved Beetle Antennae Search Algorithm and Application

The multi-dimensional optimization of mechanisms is a typical optimization problem encountered in mechanical design. Herein, the Hybrid strategy improved Beetle Antennae Search (HSBAS) algorithm is proposed to solve the multi-dimensional optimization problems encountered in structural design. To solve the problems of local optimization and low accuracy of the high-dimensional solution of the Beetle Antennae Search (BAS) algorithm, the algorithm adopts the adaptive step strategy, multi-directional exploration strategy, and Lens Opposition-Based Learning strategy, significantly reducing the probability of the algorithm falling into the local optimum and improving its global search capability. Comparative experiments of the improved algorithm are carried out by selecting eleven benchmark test functions. HSBAS can reach 1 × 10⁻²² accuracy from the optimal value when dealing with low-dimensional functions. It can also obtain 1 × 10⁻² accuracy when dealing with high-dimensional functions, significantly improving the algorithm’s capability. According to Friedman’s ranking test result, HSBAS ranks first, which proves that HSBAS is superior to the other three algorithms. The HSBAS algorithm is further used to optimize the design of the altitude compensation module of the gravity compensation device for solar wings, controlling the fluctuation of bearing capacity within 0.25%, which shows that the algorithm can be used as an effective tool for engineering structural optimization problems.