Insulating Thermal and Water-Resistant Hybrid Coating for Fabrics
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Materials
2.2. Ceramer Coating Formation
2.3. Characterization of Ceramer Suspensions
2.4. Characterization of Ceramer Powders
2.5. Characterization of Ceramer Coated Fabrics
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Ceramer Suspensions
3.2. Ceramer Powders
3.3. Ceramer Coating
4. Conclusions
- An environmentally friendly and easily scalable, room temperature, sol–gel process was optimized to apply a ceramer coating on polyester nonwoven fabrics;
- Different ceramer coatings showing an improved thermal stability and enhanced water repellency properties were obtained;
- The results of burn-out tests of ceramised fabrics pointed out that TMEOS precursor characterized by short alkoxy chain length and three hydrolysable groups promotes the formation of the more compact silica-based network, with a homogeneous distribution of elements involved;
- An optimal amount of TiO2 NPs improved the fabrics thermal physical barrier without catalyzing and accelerating the combustion process;
- The addition of P-based compounds in the ceramer formulation improves the thermal stability, whilst the presence of amino groups and their degradation during thermal treatment seems to hinder the formation of a stable and protective –Si-O-Si– network;
- The performances achieved in terms of thermal stability (burn-out residue at 800 °C) were correlated with physicochemical properties of ceramer formulations (composition, FT-IR, and TGA profiles), and a common trend was found between TGA weight losses and burn-out residues;
- The best compromise (highest burn-out residue) was obtained using TMEOS precursor, with an intermediate amount of TiO2 NPs and in the presence of P-based compound;
- The information collected will support the design of new “green” flame retardant and water repellency solutions, which are easily applicable to nonwoven polyester fabrics and usually show a poor affinity for water-based finishing treatments.
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chemical Formulae | Name | Code |
---|---|---|
| Trimethoxymethylsilane | (TMEOS) |
| (3-Aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane | (APTMS) |
| Tetraethylorthosilicate | (TEOS) |
Sample Code | Precursor | TiO2 NPs Content wt % | P-Based Compound Content wt % ** |
---|---|---|---|
CERTi4 | TMEOS | 2.3 | 0 |
CERTi5 | TMEOS | 0.8 | 0 |
CERTi7 | APTMS * | 2.3 | 0 |
CERTi8 | TMEOS | 1.2 | 20 |
CERTi10 | TEOS | 1.2 | 20 |
dDLS (nm) | PdI | ζ-potELS (mV) | |
---|---|---|---|
CERTi4 | 1222 ± 138 | 0.2 | −19.8 ± 0.5 |
CERTi5 | 6932 ± 790 | 0.9 | −14.7 ± 0.2 |
CERTi7 | 73 ± 0.5 | 0.4 | +34.6 ± 2.2 |
CERTi8 | 1140 ± 59 | 0.6 | −19.9 ± 0.53 |
CERTi10 | 1496 ± 187 | 0.8 | −6.0 ± 0.09 |
WCA (°) | Residue% * | Weight Loss% * | |
---|---|---|---|
Uncoated | 124.06 ± 2.63 | <1 | >99 |
CERTi4 | 129.01 ± 8.11 | 18.33 | 81.67 |
CERTi5 | 130.30 ± 14.01 | 1.50 | 98.79 |
CERTi7 | 85.17 ± 5.45 | 1.35 | 98.50 |
CERTi8 | 150.95 ± 24.31 | 31.87 | 68.13 |
CERTi10 | 137.17 ± 10.81 | 15.63 | 84.37 |
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Ortelli, S.; Costa, A.L. Insulating Thermal and Water-Resistant Hybrid Coating for Fabrics. Coatings 2020, 10, 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010072
Ortelli S, Costa AL. Insulating Thermal and Water-Resistant Hybrid Coating for Fabrics. Coatings. 2020; 10(1):72. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010072
Chicago/Turabian StyleOrtelli, Simona, and Anna Luisa Costa. 2020. "Insulating Thermal and Water-Resistant Hybrid Coating for Fabrics" Coatings 10, no. 1: 72. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010072