Restoring Fertility for Novel Interspecific Hybrids between Kalanchoe garambiensis and K. nyikae Using Colchicine Treatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Reciprocal Crossing was Effective to Overcome Interspecific Incompatibility
2.2. Selfing and Backcrossing Are not Sufficient to Rescue the Sterility of F1 from Interspecific Crosses of K. garambiensis ‘Type 1’ × K. nyikae
2.3. Colchicine Treatment on Apical Buds of ‘103-1’ Successfully Produce Viable Pollen with Normal Releasing, Morphology and Germination
2.4. Proportion of Doubled Ploidy Nuclei Increases in Fertile Colchicine-Treated ‘103-1’
2.5. Colchicine-Treated ‘103-1’ Restores Maternal Fertiltiy to Bear Vaiable Seeds
2.6. Colchicine-Treated ‘103-1’ Could Be Pollen Donor for Further Hybridization Breeding Program
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials
4.2. Colchicine Treatment
4.3. In Vitro Pollen Germination
4.4. Pollen Viability
4.5. Determination of Ploidy Using Flow Cytometric Analysis
4.6. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Maternal Donor | Pollen Donor | Mean (Seed Number/Capsule, SD) | Seedling Number 1 | Germination Percentage (SD) 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
K. garambiensis ‘Type 1’ | K. nyikae | 110.8 (997/9, 75.6) c | 229 | 23 (5.6) efg |
K. nyikae | K. garambiensis ‘Type 1’ | 1.2 (6/5, 0) d | 0 | 0 ‡ |
K. garambiensis ‘Type 1’ | K. lobata | 322.5 (1290/4, 80.8) a | 937 | 72.6 (8.9) ab |
K. lobata | K. garambiensis ‘Type 1’ | 91 (182/2) † | 112 | 61.5 (7.5) bc |
K. velutina | K. garambiensis ‘Type 1’ | 4 (28/7, 0.5) d | 15 | 53.6 ‡ |
K. garambiensis ‘Type 2’ | K. lobata | 133.3 (400/3, 34.0) c | 75 | 18.8 (7.2) fgh |
K. lobata | K. garambiensis ‘Type 2’ | 154 (154/1) † | 84 | 54.5 (6.5) bcd |
K. garambiensis ‘Type 2’ | K. velutina | 141 (141/1) † | 4 | 2.8 (1.0) gh |
K. velutina | K. garambiensis ‘Type 2’ | 1.3 (14/11, 0.5) d | 8 | 57.1 ‡ |
K. lobata | K. velutina | 204 (204/1) † | 84 | 41.2 (7.3) cde |
K. velutina | K. lobata | 0 (0/1) † | - 3 | - |
K. lobata | K. nyikae | 17 (119/7, 43.0) d | 0 | 0 h |
K. nyikae | K. lobata | 0 (0/2) † | - | - |
K. velutina | K. nyikae | 0.2 (3/14, 0.3) d | 1 | 33.3 ‡ |
K. nyikae | K. velutina | 178.7 (536/3, 11.5) b | 474 | 88.4 (3.8) a |
K. sexangularis | K. longiflora | 81 (243/3, 17.5) c | 0 | 0 (0.0) a |
K. nyikae | K. sexangularis | 494 (494/1) † | 188 | 38.1 (7.7) def |
K. blossfeldiana ‘African Love’ | K. lobata | 24.3 (730/30, 5.0) d | 488 | 66.8 (8.1) ab |
K. lobata | K. blossfeldiana ‘African Love’ | 15.3 (107/7, 5.7) d | 64 | 59.8 (8.1) bc |
Maternal Donor | Pollen Donor | Mean (Seed Number /Capsule, SD) 3 | Seedling Number | Germination Percentage (SD) 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
‘103-1’ 1 | ‘103-1’ | 0 (0/28, 0.0) b | - 5 | - |
‘103-1’ | K. garambiensis ‘Type 1’ | 0 (0/85, 0.0) b | - | - |
‘103-1’ | K. nyikae | 0 (0/63, 0.0) b | - | - |
‘103-2’ 2 | ‘103-2’ | 35 (35/1) † | 13 | 37.1 ‡ |
‘103-2’ | K. nyikae | 287.8 (1151/4, 79.2) a | 84 | 7.3 (4.6) b |
K. nyikae | ‘103-2’ | 36 (72/2) † | 0 | 0 ‡ |
‘103-2’ | K. blossfeldiana ‘Cher’ | 12.3 (98/8, 6.7) b | 24 | 24.5 (4.7) a |
K. blossfeldiana ‘Cher’ | ‘103-2’ | 2.2 (38/17, 3.8) b | 22 | 57.9 ‡ |
Clone | Colchicine Concentration(mg∙L−1) | Mean (Open-Pollinated Seeds/Capsule, SD) | Seedling Number 1 | Seed Germination(%) 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
‘103-1’ | 0 | 0 (0/28, 0.0) d | - 3 | - |
‘103-1’-1 | 10,000 | 2.3 (25/11, 0.4) bc | 14 | 56 ‡ |
‘103-1’-2 | 10,000 | 0.5 (6/11, 0.5) cd | 4 | 66.7 ‡ |
‘103-1’-3 | 10,000 | 12.7 (38/3, 2.1) a | 36 | 94.7 ‡ |
‘103-1’-4 | 10,000 | 11.5 (69/6, 4.3) a | 56 | 81.2 ‡ |
‘103-1’-5 | 15,000 | 0 (0/3, 0.0) d | - | - |
‘103-1’-6 | 15,000 | 3 (18/6, 1.0) b | 9 | 50 ‡ |
‘103-1’-7 | 15,000 | 0 (0/12, 0.0) d | - | - |
‘103-1’-10 | 20,000 | 0 (0/13, 0.0) d | - | - |
‘103-1’-11 | 20,000 | 0 (0/12, 0.0) d | - | - |
‘103-1’-12 | 20,000 | 0 (0/7, 0.0) d | - | - |
Maternal Donor | Pollen Donor | Fruit Set (%) | Seed Number /Capsules | Seedling Number | Germination Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
K. nyikae | ‘103-1’-1 | 100 (2/2) | 2 (4/2) † | 4 | 100 ‡ |
K. blossfeldiana ‘Ida’ | ‘103-1’-3 | 100 (4/4) | 2.3 (9/4) † | 8 | 88.9 ‡ |
Species | Chromosome Number and Ploidy Level | Basic Chromosome Number | References |
---|---|---|---|
K. garambiensis Kudo | 2n = 68 | x = 17 | [33] |
K. blossfeldiana von Poelln. | 2n = 34 (origins) 2n = 68 (cultivars) | x = 17 | [8,17] |
K. nyikae Engler | 2n = 68 | x = 17 | [17] |
K. lobata R. Fern. | n.a. 1 | n.a. | n.a. |
K. velutina Welw. | 2n = 34 | x = 17 | [34,35] |
K. sexangularis N. E. Brown | 2n = 34 | x = 17 | [34] |
K. longiflora Schltr. | 2n = 34 | x = 17 | [34,35] |
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Kuang, Y.; Lu, C.-H.; Hsu, F.-C. Restoring Fertility for Novel Interspecific Hybrids between Kalanchoe garambiensis and K. nyikae Using Colchicine Treatment. Plants 2021, 10, 209. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020209
Kuang Y, Lu C-H, Hsu F-C. Restoring Fertility for Novel Interspecific Hybrids between Kalanchoe garambiensis and K. nyikae Using Colchicine Treatment. Plants. 2021; 10(2):209. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020209
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuang, Yi, Chi-Hsuan Lu, and Fu-Chiun Hsu. 2021. "Restoring Fertility for Novel Interspecific Hybrids between Kalanchoe garambiensis and K. nyikae Using Colchicine Treatment" Plants 10, no. 2: 209. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10020209