Progesterone Promotes Mitochondrial Respiration at the Biochemical and Molecular Level in Germinating Maize Seeds
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Seeds Germination Rate and Root and Coleoptile Length
2.2. Total Soluble Protein Content and Total Carbohydrate Content
2.3. Enzymes Activities Related to Germination Phase
2.4. Expression of Isocitrate Lyase, Malate Synthase, Citrate Synthase, Cytochrome Oxidase, Pyruvate Dehydrogenase, and ATP Synthase
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Seed Germination Conditions and Progesterone Treatments
4.2. Determination of Root and Coleoptile Lengths
4.3. Determination of Total Soluble Protein and Carbohydrate Contents
4.4. Determination of the Enzyme Activities Related to the Germination Phase
4.5. The Isolation of Total RNA and RT-PCR Analysis
4.6. Statistical Analysis
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatments | Soluble Protein Content (mg·g−1 FW) | Total Carbohydrate Content (mg·g−1 FW) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root | Coleoptile | Endosperm | Root | Coleoptile | Endosperm | |
Control | 13.82 c | 18.52 c | 12.73 c | 31.52 d | 35.31 d | 133.34 a |
10−6 mol·L−1 PRG | 17.97 b | 24.29 b | 15.12 b | 38.65 c | 41.47 c | 112.88 b |
10−8 mol·L−1 PRG | 19.33 a | 27.35 a | 16.45 a | 42.21 a | 44.74 a | 104.08 c |
10−10 mol·L−1 PRG | 18.67 ab | 24.49 b | 15.29 b | 40.07 b | 43.29 b | 117.15 b |
Treatments | α-Amylase (U mg Protein−1 FW) | Isocitrate Lyase (U mg Protein−1 FW) | Malate Synthase (U mg Protein−1 FW) |
---|---|---|---|
Control | 73.19 c | 1.53 c | 7.17 c |
10−6 mol·L−1 PRG | 82.40 b | 2.00 b | 10.31 b |
10−8 mol·L−1 PRG | 93.43 a | 2.56 a | 13.66 a |
10−10 mol·L−1 PRG | 84.11 b | 2.06 b | 10.74 b |
Enzyme’s Name | Target Gene | Primer Sequences |
---|---|---|
Isocitrate lyase | icl1 forward | 5′-GAGATGGCCAAGAAGCTGTG-3′ |
icl1 reverse | 5′-GTAGATGGTGTCCAGGTGCT-3′ | |
Malate synthase | mas1 forward | 5′-TCGACTTCGGCCTCTACTTC-3′ |
mas1 reverse | 5′-ATCCTCGCTTCTCTGGAGTG-3′ | |
Citrate synthase | CS forward | 5′-TGCTCACAGTGGAGTTTTGC-3′ |
CS reverse | 5′-AACACTCTTCGGCCTCTCAA-3′ | |
Cytochrome oxidase | COX19 forward | 5′-CATGAGTGCGACTTGGAGAA-3′ |
COX19 reverse | 5′-TCAGGAGATGTACCCGCTTC-3′ | |
Pyruvate dehydrogenase | Pdh1 forward | 5′-CTCAACATTTCGGCCCTCTG-3′ |
Pdh1 reverse | 5′-CATAGTCGCCACGCTTGTAG-3′ | |
ATP synthase | ATP6 forward | 5′-CACTTAACGAGCACCACCAG-3′ |
ATP6 reverse | 5′-GGATCCTGCAGACTCTCTCC-3′ | |
β-actin | actb1 forward | 5′GTGACAATGGCACTGGAATG-3′ |
actb1 reverse | 5′-CCATGCTCAATCGGGTACTT-3′ |
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Turk, H. Progesterone Promotes Mitochondrial Respiration at the Biochemical and Molecular Level in Germinating Maize Seeds. Plants 2021, 10, 1326. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10071326
Turk H. Progesterone Promotes Mitochondrial Respiration at the Biochemical and Molecular Level in Germinating Maize Seeds. Plants. 2021; 10(7):1326. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10071326
Chicago/Turabian StyleTurk, Hulya. 2021. "Progesterone Promotes Mitochondrial Respiration at the Biochemical and Molecular Level in Germinating Maize Seeds" Plants 10, no. 7: 1326. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10071326