Exploring Relationships among Grapevine Chemical and Physiological Parameters and Leaf and Berry Mycobiome Composition
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Meteorological and Physiological Data
2.2. Grapevine Mycobiome
2.3. Chemical Parameters of Leaves and Berries
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Sampling Site
4.2. Leaf Gas-Exchange and Pre-Dawn Water Potential
4.3. Sample Collection and Metagenomic DNA Extraction
4.4. DNA Metabarcoding Data Analysis
4.5. Analytical Measurements
4.6. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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ASV | p | SH | % | Matching Taxon | Class | Function |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Berry | ||||||
Furmint | ||||||
ASV01064 | 0.016 | SH1646443.08FU | 95.4 | Agaricomycetes sp. | Agaricomycetes | |
ASV00648 | 0.015 | SH1559713.08FU | 99.6 | Lophiostomataceae sp. | Dothideomycetes | |
ASV00359 | 0.031 | SH1189171.08FU | 99.7 | Sporidiobolus sp. | Microbotryomycetes | MP |
ASV00229 | 0.025 | SH1524265.08FU | 99.6 | Pleosporales sp. | Dothideomycetes | |
ASV00731 | 0.023 | SH1517815.08FU | 99.7 | Hyphodontia quercina | Agaricomycetes | WOOD |
ASV00470 | 0.032 | SH1185123.08FU | 99.7 | Rhodotorula glutinis | Microbotryomycetes | SAP |
ASV00712 | 0.040 | SH1575129.08FU | 100 | Sporobolomyces ruberrimus | Microbotryomycetes | MP |
ASV00279 | 0.037 | SH2232205.08FU | 99.7 | Briansuttonomyces eucalypti | Dothideomycetes | LITTER |
ASV00441 | 0.037 | SH1646414.08FU | 98.8 | Agaricomycetes sp. | Agaricomycetes | |
ASV00355 | 0.045 | SH2232205.08FU | 100 | Briansuttonomyces eucalypti | Dothideomycetes | LITTER |
ASV00270 | 0.042 | SH1610160.08FU | 99.6 | Gibberella zeae | Sordariomycetes | PPATH |
Kadarka | ||||||
ASV00212 | 0.026 | SH1635391.08FU | 98.2 | Alternariaster helianthi | Dothideomycetes | PPATH |
ASV00061 | 0.017 | SH1507512.08FU | 98.3 | Botryosphaeria dothidea | Dothideomycetes | PPATH |
ASV00366 | 0.014 | SH1188671.08FU | 95.2 | Pyrenochaetopsis microspora | Dothideomycetes | COM |
ASV00027 | 0.024 | SH1528219.08FU | 98.9 | Vishniacozyma sp. | Tremellomycetes | SAP |
Syrah | ||||||
ASV00266 | 0.024 | SH1564713.08FU | 98 | Keissleriella taminensis | Dothideomycetes | WOOD |
Leaf | ||||||
Furmint | ||||||
ASV00142 | 0.013 | SH1609774.08FU | 99.6 | Dioszegia hungarica | Tremellomycetes | LITTER |
ASV00012 | 0.016 | SH1515148.08FU | 99.3 | Aureobasidium pullulans | Dothideomycetes | SAP |
ASV02203 | 0.046 | SH1575129.08FU | 100 | Sporobolomyces ruberrimus | Microbotryomycetes | MP |
ASV00908 | 0.022 | SH1540544.08FU | 96.3 | Microstroma bacarum | Exobasidiomycetes | PPATH |
ASV03652 | 0.038 | SH1615186.08FU | 96.7 | Ustilago crameri | Ustilaginomycetes | PPATH |
Kadarka | ||||||
ASV00352 | 0.001 | SH1562822.08FU | 100 | Erysiphe convolvuli | Leotiomycetes | PPATH |
ASV00051 | 0.011 | SH1575708.08FU | 96.9 | Pleosporaceae sp. | Dothideomycetes | |
ASV00257 | 0.016 | SH1505878.08FU | 96.8 | Comoclathris sp. | Dothideomycetes | WOOD |
ASV00454 | 0.013 | SH1560734.08FU | 100 | Herpotrichiellaceae sp. | Eurotiomycetes | |
ASV01091 | 0.028 | SH2337384.08FU | 99.6 | Septoria malagutii | Dothideomycetes | PPATH |
ASV00010 | 0.001 | SH1171505.08FU | 99 | Ascomycota sp. | unidentified | |
ASV00084 | 0.030 | SH2131097.08FU | 99.3 | Diplodia scrobiculata | Dothideomycetes | PPATH |
Syrah | ||||||
ASV00702 | 0.011 | SH1565276.08FU | 100 | Schizophyllum commune | Agaricomycetes | WOOD |
ASV00947 | 0.006 | SH1155568.08FU | 98.7 | Clonostachys rosea | Sordariomycetes | WOOD |
ASV00178 | 0.041 | SH2176172.08FU | 97.6 | Loratospora luzulae | Dothideomycetes | LITTER |
ASV00477 | 0.002 | SH1246647.08FU | 99.4 | Coprinellus xanthothrix | Agaricomycetes | SAP |
ASV00168 | 0.021 | SH1599074.08FU | 99.3 | Vuilleminia comedens | Agaricomycetes | WOOD |
ASV00521 | 0.025 | SH2568050.08FU | 98.4 | Erysiphe necator | Leotiomycetes | PPATH |
ASV02168 | 0.013 | SH1574527.08FU | 100 | Bulleromyces albus | Tremellomycetes | SAP |
ASV00847 | 0.039 | SH1515148.08FU | 99 | Aureobasidium pullulans | Dothideomycetes | SAP |
ASV04003 | 0.043 | SH1555460.08FU | 99 | Microdochium seminicola | Sordariomycetes | PPATH |
ASV02439 | 0.038 | SH1643363.08FU | 99.6 | Muriphaeosphaeria viburni | Dothideomycetes | PPATH |
ASV04868 | 0.043 | SH1572518.08FU | 99.7 | Melampsora laricis-populina | Pucciniomycetes | PPATH |
ASV01105 | 0.039 | SH1539608.08FU | 98.5 | Myrmecridium phragmitis | Sordariomycetes | SAP |
ASV01832 | 0.044 | SH1542846.08FU | 99.7 | Massaria anomia | Dothideomycetes | WOOD |
ASV01602 | 0.045 | SH1509408.08FU | 99 | Ustilago nunavutica | Ustilaginomycetes | PPATH |
Furmint | Kadarka | Syrah | |
---|---|---|---|
Leaves | |||
P ** | 1627.80 ± 151.84 b | 1923.57 ± 84.79 a | 1407.17 ± 75.19 b |
Fe * | 76.47 ± 11.42 a | 65.77 ± 3.20 ab | 53.43 ± 1.25 b |
Zn | 151.43 ± 9.49 | 138.50 ± 18.79 | 132.47 ± 1.33 |
Ca ** | 24,795.57 ± 1650.34 b | 23,770.10 ± 2531.14 b | 30,613.27 ± 967.30 a |
Cu | 11.20 ± 4.62 | 9.57 ± 4.61 | 5.77 ± 1.03 |
B | 115.20 ± 14.13 | 93.67 ± 19.61 | 94.33 ± 4.34 |
K | 6897.20 ± 321.18 | 6903.80 ± 614.66 | 6083.83 ± 466.27 |
Mn | 132.10 ± 26.69 | 163.73 ± 3.01 | 163.50 ± 5.09 |
Mg ** | 4584.60 ± 176.31 b | 4110.17 ± 99.94 b | 5604.50 ± 597.11 a |
Al | 162.20 ± 97.33 | 93.40 ± 20.20 | 122.13 ± 1.91 |
Na | 975.07 ± 45.35 | 1003.90 ± 89.86 | 1075.10 ± 18.53 |
N ** | 1.94 ± 0.07 b | 1.98 ± 0.08 b | 2.34 ± 0.01 a |
C | 42.78 ± 0.53 | 42.38 ± 0.45 | 42.94 ± 0.33 |
S | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 0.27 ± 0.06 | 0.19 ± 0.02 |
Berries | |||
Brix index *** | 24.50 ± 0.00 a | 23.53 ± 0.45 b | 21.00 ± 0.00 c |
Total acid *** | 7.33 ± 0.06 a | 4.57 ± 0.12 b | 4.07 ± 0.06 c |
Malic acid | 2.63 ± 0.90 | 3.37 ± 0.02 | 3.46 ± 0.01 |
Alpha-amino nitrogen ** | 117.00 ± 2.65 b | 125.67 ± 4.93 ab | 133.33 ± 3.51 a |
pH *** | 3.15 ± 0.01 c | 3.37 ± 0.02 b | 3.46 ± 0.01 a |
Cultivar | Furmint | Kadarka | Syrah |
---|---|---|---|
Origin | convar. pontica subconvar. balcanica | convar. pontica subconvar. balcanica | convar. occidentalis subconvar. gallica |
Time of bud burst (OIV 301) a | medium | late | early/medium |
Time of full bloom (OIV 302) | late/very late | late | medium/late |
Time of the onset of berry ripening (veraison (OIV 303) | medium | late | medium |
Time of full physiological maturity of berry (OIV 304) | medium | late/very late | medium |
Bunch: density (OIV 204) | dense | dense/very dense | medium/dense |
Bunch: single bunch weight (OIV 502) | very low/low | medium/high | medium |
Berry: single berry weight (OIV 503) | low | medium/high | low |
Yield per m2 (OIV 504) | low/medium | high | high |
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Molnár, A.; Geml, J.; Geiger, A.; Leal, C.M.; Kgobe, G.; Tóth, A.M.; Villangó, S.; Mézes, L.; Czeglédi, M.; Lőrincz, G.; et al. Exploring Relationships among Grapevine Chemical and Physiological Parameters and Leaf and Berry Mycobiome Composition. Plants 2022, 11, 1924. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11151924
Molnár A, Geml J, Geiger A, Leal CM, Kgobe G, Tóth AM, Villangó S, Mézes L, Czeglédi M, Lőrincz G, et al. Exploring Relationships among Grapevine Chemical and Physiological Parameters and Leaf and Berry Mycobiome Composition. Plants. 2022; 11(15):1924. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11151924
Chicago/Turabian StyleMolnár, Anna, József Geml, Adrienn Geiger, Carla Mota Leal, Glodia Kgobe, Adrienn Mária Tóth, Szabolcs Villangó, Lili Mézes, Márk Czeglédi, György Lőrincz, and et al. 2022. "Exploring Relationships among Grapevine Chemical and Physiological Parameters and Leaf and Berry Mycobiome Composition" Plants 11, no. 15: 1924. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11151924