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Article

Echinops spinosissimus Turra Root Methanolic Extract: Characterization of the Bioactive Components and Relative Wound Healing, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties

by
Saida Hanane Zitouni-Nourine
1,*,
Nabila Belyagoubi-Benhammou
2,
Fatima El-Houaria Zitouni-Haouar
3,
Omar Douahi
4,
Faouzia Chenafi
5,
Habiba Fetati
1,
Siham Chabane Sari
6,
Assia Benmahieddine
2,
Chahinez Zaoui
7,
Fatima Zohra Nadjet Mekaouche
1,
Fawzia Atik Bekkara
2,
Nadia Kambouche
8,
Angelo Gismondi
9 and
Houari Toumi
1
1
Pharmaceutical Development Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella University, Oran 31000, Algeria
2
Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, University Abou-Bekr Belkaïd, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
3
Laboratory of Biology of Microorganisms and Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella University, Oran 31000, Algeria
4
Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University Abou-Bekr Belkaïd, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria
5
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University Oran 2, Oran 31000, Algeria
6
Anatompathological Department, Faculty of Medicine, Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella University, Oran 31000, Algeria
7
Developmental and Differentiation Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella University, Oran 31000, Algeria
8
Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact and Applied Sciences, Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella University, Oran 31000, Algeria
9
Laboratory of General Botany, Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2022, 11(24), 3440; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243440
Submission received: 1 November 2022 / Revised: 25 November 2022 / Accepted: 5 December 2022 / Published: 9 December 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pharmacological and Toxicological Study of Medicinal Plants)
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Abstract

Echinops spinosissimus Turra subsp. bovei (Asteraceae) is a medicinal plant in western Algeria. Traditionally, roots and inflorescences are employed as hypertensive agents and in the treatment of hemorrhoids. The current study evaluates the chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties of the root methanolic extract from E. spinosissimus subsp. bovei. The content of total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins was determined. In addition, the phenolic profile was typified. The studied plant extract resulted in being primarily composed of Apigenin, Kaempferol, and their derivatives. The total phenolic content was equal to 95.31 ± 2.90 mg GAE/g DW, while the number of flavonoids and condensed tannins was 16.01 ± 0.16 mg CE/g DW and 8.30 ± 0.65 mg CE/g DW, respectively. The methanolic extract was found to exhibit antioxidant activity towards the DPPH radical, with an IC50 of 7.99 ± 0.28 mg/mL and a TAC of 30.30 ± 0.54 mg AAE/g DW, as well as an antibacterial effect, especially against P. aeruginosa. No significant wound-healing property was observed, even though the histopathological observations showed enhanced wound-healing quality. According to our evidence, E. spinosissimus could represent a source of phytochemicals with potential beneficial effects for human health in terms of antioxidant and antibiotic properties, although further investigations on this species are needed.
Keywords: thorny globe thistle; phyto complex; liquid chromatography; antiradical power; antibiotic effect; wound-healing activity thorny globe thistle; phyto complex; liquid chromatography; antiradical power; antibiotic effect; wound-healing activity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zitouni-Nourine, S.H.; Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N.; El-Houaria Zitouni-Haouar, F.; Douahi, O.; Chenafi, F.; Fetati, H.; Chabane Sari, S.; Benmahieddine, A.; Zaoui, C.; Mekaouche, F.Z.N.; et al. Echinops spinosissimus Turra Root Methanolic Extract: Characterization of the Bioactive Components and Relative Wound Healing, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties. Plants 2022, 11, 3440. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243440

AMA Style

Zitouni-Nourine SH, Belyagoubi-Benhammou N, El-Houaria Zitouni-Haouar F, Douahi O, Chenafi F, Fetati H, Chabane Sari S, Benmahieddine A, Zaoui C, Mekaouche FZN, et al. Echinops spinosissimus Turra Root Methanolic Extract: Characterization of the Bioactive Components and Relative Wound Healing, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties. Plants. 2022; 11(24):3440. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243440

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zitouni-Nourine, Saida Hanane, Nabila Belyagoubi-Benhammou, Fatima El-Houaria Zitouni-Haouar, Omar Douahi, Faouzia Chenafi, Habiba Fetati, Siham Chabane Sari, Assia Benmahieddine, Chahinez Zaoui, Fatima Zohra Nadjet Mekaouche, and et al. 2022. "Echinops spinosissimus Turra Root Methanolic Extract: Characterization of the Bioactive Components and Relative Wound Healing, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties" Plants 11, no. 24: 3440. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243440

APA Style

Zitouni-Nourine, S. H., Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N., El-Houaria Zitouni-Haouar, F., Douahi, O., Chenafi, F., Fetati, H., Chabane Sari, S., Benmahieddine, A., Zaoui, C., Mekaouche, F. Z. N., Atik Bekkara, F., Kambouche, N., Gismondi, A., & Toumi, H. (2022). Echinops spinosissimus Turra Root Methanolic Extract: Characterization of the Bioactive Components and Relative Wound Healing, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties. Plants, 11(24), 3440. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11243440

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