Assessment of Cassava Pollen Viability and Ovule Fertilizability under Red-Light, 6-Benzyl Adenine, and Silver Thiosulphate Treatments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of RL and PGR Treatments on Pollen Characteristics and Their Capacity to Improve Fruit and Seed Set
2.2. Effect of RL and PGR Treatments on Pollen Stainability and Diameter
2.3. Effect of Exposing Flowers to RL on Ovule Fertilizability and Fruit and Seed Set Efficiency
2.4. Effect of Treating Flowers with PGR on Ovule Fertilizability and Fruit Set and Seed Set Efficiency
2.5. Comparison of Effects of RL and PGR Treatments on Pollen Viability and Fruit and Seed Set Efficiency
2.6. Pollen Ploidy and Its Relationship with Diameter and Viability in RL-Treated Flowers
3. Discussion
3.1. Effect of Extended Daylength with RL on Pollen Diameter, Stainability, and Ovule Fertilizability
3.2. Effect of PGR on Pollen Diameter, Stainability, and Ovule Fertilizability
3.3. Relationship between Ploidy, Diameter, and Viability of Pollen in RL-Treated Flowers
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials, Field Conditions and Treatments
4.2. Pollen Collection
4.3. Assessment of Pollen Germination, Stainability, and Measurement of Grain Diameter
4.3.1. Pollination
4.3.2. In Vivo Pollen Germination and Ovule Fertilization
4.3.3. In Vitro Pollen Stainability
4.3.4. Estimation of Pollen Grain Diameter
4.4. Assessment of Fruit and Seed Set Efficiency
4.5. Determination of Pollen Ploidy Level
4.6. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Pollen Diameter (µm) | Pollen Stainability (%) | Ovules Fertilized (%) | Fruit Set Efficiency (%) | Seed Set Efficiency (%) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | RL | PGR | Ctl | RL | PGR | Ctl | RL | PGR | Ctl | RL | PGR | Ctl | RL | PGR | Ctl |
Mean | 148.5 | 142.4 | 145.6 | 93.0 | 82.1 | 78.5 | 57.0 | 65.0 | 44.4 | 71.8 | 51.9 | 44.6 | 49.7 | 37.3 | 27.7 |
SEM | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 2.3 | 4.7 | 3.0 |
CI | 1.4 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 8.3 | 8.9 | 12.2 | 4.4 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 4.6 | 9.5 | 6.7 |
Variance | 83.5 | 150.7 | 191.9 | 305.5 | 318.7 | 284.3 | 1856.2 | 1381.9 | 1714.9 | 368.3 | 511.0 | 209.9 | 393.2 | 606.0 | 111.0 |
Std | 9.1 | 12.3 | 13.9 | 17.5 | 17.9 | 16.9 | 43.1 | 37.2 | 41.4 | 19.2 | 22.6 | 14.5 | 19.8 | 24.6 | 10.5 |
CV | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
Significance (α = 0.05) | ns | *** | *** | ns | ns | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Treatment | Pollen Diameter (µm) | Pollen Stainability (%) |
---|---|---|
PGR | 142.4 b | 82.1 b |
Red light | 148.5 a | 93.0 a |
Control (Non) | 145.6 b | 78.5 b |
Treatment | Ovules Fertilised (%) | Fruit Set Efficiency (%) | Seed Set Efficiency (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
Red light | 56.9 a | 64.3 a | 71.8 a | 71.1 a | 49.7 a | 51.8 a |
Control | 52.0 b | 47.7 b | 51.5 b | 53.7 b | 31.7 b | 31.9 b |
Significance (α = 0.05) | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Genotype | Ovules Fertilised (%) | Fruit Set Efficiency (%) | Seed Set Efficiency (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
UG15F178P001 | 65.1 a | 66.7 a | 54.7 b | 58.1 c | 37.0 c | 41.2 a |
UG15F180P005 | 25.4 c | 53.0 b | 53.8 b | 59.5 bc | 30.1 d | 39.4 ab |
UG15F192P012 | 57.1 b | 43.3 c | 63.9 a | 65.9 a | 49.6 a | 40.7 a |
UG15F302P016 | 62.2 a | 56.9 b | 64.8 a | 60.1 b | 40.5 b | 38.4 b |
Significance (α = 0.05) | ns | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Treatment | Ovules Fertilized (%) | Fruit Set Efficiency (%) | Seed Set Efficiency (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
PGR | 64.9 a | 60.9 a | 51.9 a | 54.7 a | 37.3 a | 40.4 a |
Control | 42.9 b | 59.4 a | 23.2 b | 31.3 b | 17.7 b | 19.6 b |
Significance (α = 0.05) | *** | ns | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Genotype | Ovules Fertilized (%) | Fruit Set Efficiency (%) | Seed Set Efficiency (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | |
NASE14 | - | 90.0 a | 49.5 b | 55.7 b | 30.7 bc | 42.0 ab |
UG15F039P015 | - | 46.7 de | - | 68.6 a | - | 52.3 a |
UG15F056P001 | - | 79.2 b | 79.5 a | 35.9 e | 57.3 a | 30.2 cde |
UG15F192P012 | 81.5 a | 33.4 e | 72.2 a | 41.8 cde | 68.4 a | 25.1 de |
UG15F222P017 | 48.7 c | - | 32.8 d | 58.6 ab | 25.0 c | 26.4 de |
UG15F228P016 | 57.5 b | - | 40.4 c | - | 23.8 c | - |
UG15F302P016 | 83.3 a | 41.7 e | 49.5 b | 63.1 a | 36.0 b | 43.7 ab |
Significance (α = 0.05) | * | ns | * | *** | *** | *** |
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Baguma, J.K.; Mukasa, S.B.; Ochwo-Ssemakula, M.; Nuwamanya, E.; Iragaba, P.; Wembabazi, E.; Kanaabi, M.; Hyde, P.T.; Setter, T.L.; Alicai, T.; et al. Assessment of Cassava Pollen Viability and Ovule Fertilizability under Red-Light, 6-Benzyl Adenine, and Silver Thiosulphate Treatments. Plants 2024, 13, 1988. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141988
Baguma JK, Mukasa SB, Ochwo-Ssemakula M, Nuwamanya E, Iragaba P, Wembabazi E, Kanaabi M, Hyde PT, Setter TL, Alicai T, et al. Assessment of Cassava Pollen Viability and Ovule Fertilizability under Red-Light, 6-Benzyl Adenine, and Silver Thiosulphate Treatments. Plants. 2024; 13(14):1988. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141988
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaguma, Julius K., Settumba B. Mukasa, Mildred Ochwo-Ssemakula, Ephraim Nuwamanya, Paula Iragaba, Enoch Wembabazi, Michael Kanaabi, Peter T. Hyde, Tim L. Setter, Titus Alicai, and et al. 2024. "Assessment of Cassava Pollen Viability and Ovule Fertilizability under Red-Light, 6-Benzyl Adenine, and Silver Thiosulphate Treatments" Plants 13, no. 14: 1988. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13141988