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Article

GhSWEET42 Regulates Flowering Time under Long-Day Conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana

1
School of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
2
School of Life Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors have contributed equally to this work.
Plants 2024, 13(16), 2181; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162181 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 14 June 2024 / Revised: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 4 August 2024 / Published: 6 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Flower Development and Plant Reproduction)

Abstract

Flowering in plants is pivotal for initiating and advancing reproductive processes, impacting regional adaptation and crop yield. Despite numerous cloned and identified flowering time genes, research in cotton remains sparse. This study identified GhSWEET42 as a key determinant of the flowering time in cotton, demonstrating that its heterologous expression in Arabidopsis accelerated flowering under LD conditions compared to WT. Transgenic plants exhibited upregulated expression of the flowering inducers AtFT, AtSOC1, AtGI, and AtFKF1, alongside downregulated expression of the repressors AtTSF, AtFLC, and AtRGL2, correlating with the earlier flowering phenotype. GhSWEET42 showed a constitutive expression pattern, with elevated levels in the leaves, petals, and flower buds, and was notably higher in early-maturing cotton varieties. Subcellular localization assays confirmed GhSWEET42’s presence on the cell membrane. Transcriptome analysis between WT and GhSWEET42-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants revealed 2393 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), spanning 221 biological processes, 93 molecular functions, and 37 cellular components according to Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis categorized the DEGs into metabolism and environmental information processing. These findings enhance the understanding of GhSWEET42’s function and provide a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms governing flowering time regulation in cotton.
Keywords: flowering time; long day; GhSWEET42; cotton; transcription factor; RNA-seq flowering time; long day; GhSWEET42; cotton; transcription factor; RNA-seq

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Du, M.; Wang, D.; Li, J.; Zhu, T.; Lyu, P.; Li, G.; Ding, Y.; Liu, X.; Men, Q.; Li, X.; et al. GhSWEET42 Regulates Flowering Time under Long-Day Conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plants 2024, 13, 2181. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162181

AMA Style

Du M, Wang D, Li J, Zhu T, Lyu P, Li G, Ding Y, Liu X, Men Q, Li X, et al. GhSWEET42 Regulates Flowering Time under Long-Day Conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plants. 2024; 13(16):2181. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162181

Chicago/Turabian Style

Du, Mengxue, Deying Wang, Jingyu Li, Taotao Zhu, Peng Lyu, Gang Li, Yi Ding, Xinxin Liu, Qingmei Men, Xiaofei Li, and et al. 2024. "GhSWEET42 Regulates Flowering Time under Long-Day Conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana" Plants 13, no. 16: 2181. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162181

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