Isolation of the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus terreus from a Halophyte (Tetraena qatarensis) and Assessment of Its Potential in Tomato Seedling Protection
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Identification of Fungal Isolate
2.2. Salt Tolerance Evaluation
2.3. Antagonistic Activity of In Vitro Aspergillus terreus Isolate C against Fungal Phytopathogens
2.4. Screening for the Major Secondary Metabolites of Dichloromethane Extract of A. terreus Analyzed by GC-MS
2.5. The Biocontrol and Growth-Promoting Effects of the Endophytic Isolate Strain C (Aspergillus terreus) on Tomato Seedlings
2.6. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Spectral Data Interpretation
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Sample Collection and Endophyte Isolation
4.2. Identification of Fungal Isolates by Molecular Ribotyping
4.3. Evaluating Salinity Tolerance of Fungal Endophytes
4.4. Antagonistic Effect of Aspergillus terreus Isolate against Plant Fungal Pathogens
4.5. Secondary Metabolites Extraction and GC-MS Analysis
4.6. Greenhouse Experiment
- (T1) untreated seedlings;
- (T2) seedlings inoculated with fungal endophyte (strain C);
- (T3) seedlings inoculated with the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum spore suspension;
- (T4) seedlings inoculated first with fungal endophyte (strain C) and then inoculated with the plant pathogen F. oxysporum spore suspension.
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Salinity Concentration (NaCl) | Mycelium Colony Diameter (mm) |
---|---|
0% | 83.58 ± 1.78 |
2% | 80.68 ± 0.82 |
4% | 76.72 ± 1.29 |
6% | 71.17 ± 1.76 |
8% | 68.62 ± 1.11 |
10% | 64.30 ± 0.66 |
Pathogenic fungi | Percentage of Mycelial Growth Inhibition |
---|---|
Alternaria alternata | 65.9 ± 1.03 |
Botrytis cinerea | 73.6 ± 1.08 |
Fusarium oxysporum | 63.2 ± 0.96 |
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides | 60.2 ± 1.26 |
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Alhaddad, F.; Ahmed, T.; Jaoua, S.; Al-Ghouti, M.A.; Al-Thani, R.; Abu-Dieyeh, M. Isolation of the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus terreus from a Halophyte (Tetraena qatarensis) and Assessment of Its Potential in Tomato Seedling Protection. Plants 2024, 13, 2218. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162218
Alhaddad F, Ahmed T, Jaoua S, Al-Ghouti MA, Al-Thani R, Abu-Dieyeh M. Isolation of the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus terreus from a Halophyte (Tetraena qatarensis) and Assessment of Its Potential in Tomato Seedling Protection. Plants. 2024; 13(16):2218. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162218
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlhaddad, Fedae, Talaat Ahmed, Samir Jaoua, Mohammad A. Al-Ghouti, Roda Al-Thani, and Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh. 2024. "Isolation of the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus terreus from a Halophyte (Tetraena qatarensis) and Assessment of Its Potential in Tomato Seedling Protection" Plants 13, no. 16: 2218. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13162218