Pleiotropic Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Mining for Regulating Wheat Processing Quality- and Yield-Related Traits
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Phenotype Assessments
2.2. Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) Analysis and Population Structure
2.3. GWAS of the Grain Quality-Related Traits
2.3.1. Water Absorption
2.3.2. Wet Gluten Content
2.3.3. Grain Protein Content
2.3.4. Dough Stability Time
2.3.5. Extension Area
2.3.6. Maximum Resistance
2.4. GWAS of the Grain Yield-Related Traits
2.5. Analysis of Pleiotropic and Flour Quality-Related and Grain Yield-Related MTAs
2.6. Effects of Superior Alleles on Phenotypes and Allelic SNPs on Wheat Quality and Yield
3. Discussion
3.1. Identification of MTAs and Comparisons with Previous Findings
3.2. The Validation of Rare and Multiple Phenotype-Related MTAs in the Association Population
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Materials
4.2. Measurements of Flour Quality and Grain Traits
4.3. Phenotypic Data Analysis
4.4. SNP Genotyping
4.5. Linkage Disequilibrium
4.6. Population Structure and Kinship Analysis
4.7. Genome-Wide Association Mapping
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
QTL | Quantitative trait loci |
GWAS | Genome-wide association study |
WA | Water absorption |
WGC | Wet gluten content |
GPC | Grain protein content |
DST | Dough stability time |
EA | Extension area |
MR | Maximum resistance |
TGW | Thousand-grain weight |
GL | Grain length |
GW | Grain width |
SNP | Significant single-nucleotide polymorphism |
MTA | Marker–trait association |
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Trait | WA (%) | WGC (%) | GPC (%) | DST (min) | EA (cm2) | MR (EU) | TGW (g) | GL (mm) | GW (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | 60.68 | 29.99 | 14.68 | 11.04 | 72.34 | 351.10 | 38.08 | 6.35 | 3.16 |
Min | 53.60 | 22.50 | 12.20 | 1.20 | 19.00 | 72.00 | 27.11 | 5.49 | 2.74 |
Max | 69.00 | 45.20 | 17.40 | 47.40 | 227.00 | 989.00 | 50.23 | 7.00 | 3.56 |
SD a | 2.93 | 2.77 | 0.99 | 8.62 | 43.85 | 195.18 | 5.04 | 0.29 | 0.16 |
CV b (%) | 4.82 | 9.23 | 6.78 | 78.05 | 60.62 | 55.59 | 13.25 | 4.59 | 5.13 |
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Zhao, J.; Sun, L.; Hu, M.; Liu, Q.; Xu, J.; Mu, L.; Wang, J.; Yang, J.; Wang, P.; Li, Q.; et al. Pleiotropic Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Mining for Regulating Wheat Processing Quality- and Yield-Related Traits. Plants 2024, 13, 2545. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182545
Zhao J, Sun L, Hu M, Liu Q, Xu J, Mu L, Wang J, Yang J, Wang P, Li Q, et al. Pleiotropic Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Mining for Regulating Wheat Processing Quality- and Yield-Related Traits. Plants. 2024; 13(18):2545. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182545
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Jie, Lijing Sun, Mengyun Hu, Qian Liu, Junjie Xu, Liming Mu, Jianbing Wang, Jing Yang, Peinan Wang, Qianying Li, and et al. 2024. "Pleiotropic Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Mining for Regulating Wheat Processing Quality- and Yield-Related Traits" Plants 13, no. 18: 2545. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13182545