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Volume 13
Issue 20
10.3390/plants13202936
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Article

Evaluation of the Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Apricots, Plums, and Their Hybrid Fruits

by
Dasha Mihaylova
1,*,
Ivelina Desseva
2,
Yulian Tumbarski
3,
Aneta Popova
4,*,
Svetla Pandova
5 and
Anna Lante
6
1
Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
2
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
3
Department of Microbiology, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
4
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
5
Department of Breeding and Genetic Resources, Fruit Growing Institute, Agricultural Academy, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
6
Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals, and Environment—DAFNAE, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2024, 13(20), 2936; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13202936
Submission received: 13 September 2024 / Revised: 17 October 2024 / Accepted: 17 October 2024 / Published: 20 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Phytochemistry)
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Abstract

The current study focuses on evaluating the enzyme inhibition (acetylcholinesterase, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, pancreatin lipase), antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities of the “Modesto” apricot, “Stanley” plum, and their hybrid the “Stendesto” plum–apricot. The “Stendesto” is the only successful plum–apricot hybrid in Bulgaria. A spectrophotometric approach was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity following four complementary assays (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and CUPRAC). The “Stendesto” plum–apricot revealed its enhanced antioxidant potential compared to its parental lines. Apart from the free phenolics extraction, two other techniques (alkaline and acid hydrolysis) were applied to reveal the biological potential of the studied fruit. Not only free but also bound phenolic extracts were able to inhibit α-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase, while none of the extracts inhibited lipase or α-amylase. None of the apricot extracts had antimicrobial activity, while the other fruit had limited antimicrobial activity. The proposed results undoubtedly reveal that hybrid fruits possess enhanced biological activity compared to their parents. This is a first comprehensive evaluation of hybrid fruits with reference to parental lines. This makes them an interesting research topic that should be better explored.
Keywords: biological activity; Prunus spp.; free phenolic compounds; bound phenolic compounds; bacteria; fungi; glucosidase; acetylcholinesterase; lipase biological activity; Prunus spp.; free phenolic compounds; bound phenolic compounds; bacteria; fungi; glucosidase; acetylcholinesterase; lipase

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mihaylova, D.; Desseva, I.; Tumbarski, Y.; Popova, A.; Pandova, S.; Lante, A. Evaluation of the Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Apricots, Plums, and Their Hybrid Fruits. Plants 2024, 13, 2936. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13202936

AMA Style

Mihaylova D, Desseva I, Tumbarski Y, Popova A, Pandova S, Lante A. Evaluation of the Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Apricots, Plums, and Their Hybrid Fruits. Plants. 2024; 13(20):2936. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13202936

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mihaylova, Dasha, Ivelina Desseva, Yulian Tumbarski, Aneta Popova, Svetla Pandova, and Anna Lante. 2024. "Evaluation of the Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Apricots, Plums, and Their Hybrid Fruits" Plants 13, no. 20: 2936. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13202936

APA Style

Mihaylova, D., Desseva, I., Tumbarski, Y., Popova, A., Pandova, S., & Lante, A. (2024). Evaluation of the Enzyme Inhibition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of Apricots, Plums, and Their Hybrid Fruits. Plants, 13(20), 2936. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13202936

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