Integrative Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Elucidates That the Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulates Floral Bud Development in Alfalfa
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Transcriptome Analysis
2.2. GO and KEGG Enrichment Analysis
2.3. Metabolomic Analysis
2.4. Quantitative Analysis of Differentially Accumulated Phytohormones
2.5. Key Genes Involved in GA, IAA, CK, and JA Biosynthesis Pathways
2.6. Key Genes Involved in GA, IAA, CK, and JA Signaling Pathways
2.7. Transcription Factor Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials
4.2. Transcriptome Sequencing and Data Analysis
4.3. Phytohormone Analysis
4.4. qRT-PCR Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Index | Compounds | Class | D2 | D1 | Log2FC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ABA-ald | Abscisic aldehyde | ABA | 0 | 131.35 | −Inf |
IAA | Indole-3-acetic acid | Auxin | 0 | 19.92 | −Inf |
IPA | 3-Indolepropionic acid | Auxin | 2.19 | 0 | Inf |
TRA | Tryptamine | Auxin | 0 | 1.12 | −Inf |
iPRMP | N-6-iso-pentenyladenosine-5′-monophosphate | CK | 10.14 | 4.77 | 1.09 |
pT9G | 4-[[(9-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-9H-purin-6-yl) amino] methyl] phenol | CK | 0.96 | 0.46 | 1.06 |
cZROG | cis-Zeatin-O-glucoside riboside | CK | 0.32 | 0.99 | −1.64 |
cZ9G | cis-Zeatin-9-glucoside | CK | 0.3 | 0.12 | 1.3 |
IP | N6-isopentenyladenine | CK | 2.49 | 0.77 | 1.7 |
cZR | cis-Zeatin riboside | CK | 1.07 | 3.62 | −1.75 |
iP9G | N6-Isopentenyl-adenine-9-glucoside | CK | 3 | 0 | Inf |
tZ | trans-Zeatin | CK | 0.57 | 0 | Inf |
DHZ7G | Dihydrozeatin-7-glucoside | CK | 0.21 | 0.09 | 1.13 |
tZR | trans-Zeatin riboside | CK | 1.26 | 0 | Inf |
tZRMP | 9-Ribosyl-trans-zeatin 5′-monophosphate | CK | 3.17 | 0 | Inf |
GA8 | Gibberellin A8 | GA | 13 | 0 | Inf |
MEJA | Methyl jasmonate | JA | 99.53 | 43.5 | 1.19 |
Index | Compounds | Class | D3 | D2 | Log2FC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ABA-GE | ABA-glucosyl ester | ABA | 0.00 | 1755.20 | −Inf |
IAA | Indole-3-acetic acid | Auxin | 34.59 | 0.00 | Inf |
IAA-Glu | Indole-3-acetyl glutamic acid | Auxin | 22.23 | 5.64 | 1.98 |
IPA | 3-Indolepropionic acid | Auxin | 0.00 | 2.19 | −Inf |
TRA | Tryptamine | Auxin | 2.39 | 0.00 | Inf |
IAA-Asp | Indole-3-acetyl-L-aspartic acid | Auxin | 78.57 | 38.04 | 1.05 |
IA | 3-Indoleacrylic acid | Auxin | 10.98 | 4.37 | 1.33 |
tZ9G | trans-Zeatin-9-glucoside | CK | 5.80 | 0.00 | Inf |
IPR | N6-isopentenyladenosine | CK | 1.57 | 3.75 | −1.26 |
pT9G | 4-[[(9-beta-D-Glucopyranosyl-9H-purin-6-yl) amino] methyl] phenol | CK | 2.25 | 0.96 | 1.23 |
cZROG | cis-Zeatin-O-glucoside riboside | CK | 1.08 | 0.32 | 1.77 |
cZR | cis-Zeatin riboside | CK | 0.00 | 1.07 | −Inf |
iP9G | N6-Isopentenyl-adenine-9-glucoside | CK | 6.91 | 3.00 | 1.20 |
tZ | trans-Zeatin | CK | 3.00 | 0.57 | 2.40 |
DHZ7G | Dihydrozeatin-7-glucoside | CK | 1.25 | 0.21 | 2.59 |
tZR | trans-Zeatin riboside | CK | 17.15 | 1.26 | 3.77 |
tZRMP | 9-Ribosyl-trans-zeatin 5′-monophosphate | CK | 27.54 | 3.17 | 3.12 |
DZ | Dihydrozeatin | CK | 1.06 | 0.29 | 1.88 |
DHZR | Dihydrozeatin ribonucleoside | CK | 2.27 | 1.12 | 1.02 |
ACC | 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid | ETH | 30.17 | 0.00 | Inf |
GA8 | Gibberellin A8 | GA | 27.36 | 13.00 | 1.07 |
GA7 | Gibberellin A7 | GA | 0.43 | 0.20 | 1.13 |
12-OH-JA | 12-Hydroxyjasmonic acid | JA | 249.96 | 0.00 | Inf |
MEJA | Methyl jasmonate | JA | 203.97 | 99.53 | 1.04 |
t-CA | trans-Cinnamic acid | SA | 47.27 | 109.61 | −1.21 |
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Huang, X.; Liu, L.; Qiang, X.; Meng, Y.; Li, Z.; Huang, F. Integrative Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Elucidates That the Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulates Floral Bud Development in Alfalfa. Plants 2024, 13, 1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13081078
Huang X, Liu L, Qiang X, Meng Y, Li Z, Huang F. Integrative Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Elucidates That the Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulates Floral Bud Development in Alfalfa. Plants. 2024; 13(8):1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13081078
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Xiuzheng, Lei Liu, Xiaojing Qiang, Yuanfa Meng, Zhiyong Li, and Fan Huang. 2024. "Integrative Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Elucidates That the Mechanism of Phytohormones Regulates Floral Bud Development in Alfalfa" Plants 13, no. 8: 1078. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13081078