Research Progress on the Functions of Gasotransmitters in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Production of Gasotransmitters under Adverse Conditions
2.1. Hydrogen Gas (H2)
2.2. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
2.3. Nitric Oxide (NO)
2.4. Carbon Monoxide (CO)
2.5. Methane (CH4)
3. The Role of Gasotransmitters under Adverse Conditions
3.1. Hydrogen Gas (H2)
3.1.1. Heavy Metal Stress
3.1.2. Salt and Temperature Stresses
3.1.3. Ultraviolet Radiation
3.1.4. Drought and Paraquat Stresses
3.2. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
3.2.1. Heavy Metal Stress
3.2.2. Salt Stress
3.2.3. Temperature Stress
3.2.4. Drought Stress
3.3. Nitric Oxide (NO)
3.3.1. Heavy Metal Stress
3.3.2. Salt Stress
3.3.3. Temperature and Drought Stress
3.4. Carbon Monoxide (CO)
3.4.1. Heavy Metal Stress
3.4.2. Salt Stress
3.4.3. Drought and Temperature Stress
3.5. Methane (CH4)
4. Gasotransmitter Interactions under Adverse Conditions
4.1. Interaction between H2 and NO
4.2. Interaction between H2 and CO
4.3. Crosstalk between H2S and NO
4.4. Crosstalk between NO and CO
4.5. Interaction between CH4 and Other Signallings
5. Conclusions and Future Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
H2 | hydrogen gas |
H2S | hydrogen Sulfide |
NO | nitric Oxide |
CO | carbon Monoxide |
CH4 | methane |
EC | electrolyte leakage |
H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
MDA | malondialdehyde |
ROS | reactive oxygen species |
ABA | abscisic acid |
GSH | glutathione |
AsA-GSH | ascorbate–glutathione |
AsA | ascorbic acid |
HO-1 | heme oxygenase-1 |
HO | heme oxygenase |
HRW | hydrogen-rich water |
Cu | copper |
Cd | cadmium |
Al | aluminum |
Hg | mercury |
Zn | zinc |
Ni | nickel |
Pb | lead |
As | arsenate |
UV | ultraviolet radiation |
NPT | nonprotein thiols |
Pro | proline |
pH | potential of hydrogen |
SOD | superoxide dismutase |
MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
TPC | total phenolic contents |
NADPH | nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
TBARS | thiobarbituric acid reactive substances |
CAT | catalase |
APX | ascorbate peroxidase |
POD | peroxidase |
LCD | L-cysteine desulfhydrase |
DCD | D-cysteine desulfhydrase |
GR | glutathione reductase |
DHAR | dehydroascorbate reductase |
PCD | programmed cell death |
O2⋅− | superoxide anion |
·OH | hydroxy radicals |
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Plant Species | Abiotic Stress and Its Effect | H2 Roles under Stress | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Alfalfa | Cd stress inhibited root elongation | Improving root growth, re-establishing glutathione homeostasis | [6] |
Cabbage | Cd stress reduced the activities of the antioxidant enzyme | Enhancing the activities of the antioxidant enzyme | [8] |
Cole | Cd stress affected the balance of glutathione | Governing reduced glutathione homeostasis | [72] |
Alfalfa | Cd stress obviously inhibited alfalfa seedling growth | Attenuating damage in alfalfa seedlings, reducing oxidative damage | [73] |
Alfalfa | Al stress increased NO production, inhibited root elongation | Improving seedling growth, decreasing NO production | [75] |
Maize | Al stress inhibited seed germination, broke the ion balance | Alleviating Al toxicity, decreasing lipid peroxidation | [74] |
Rice | Al stress enhanced oxidative damage | Alleviating germination inhibition, re-establishing redox homeostasis | [16] |
Alfalfa | Hg stress promoted ROS production | Decreasing ROS production and alleviating oxidative stress | [76] |
Arabidopsis | Salt stress increased ion outflow | Maintaining ion homeostasis, controlling sodium exclusion | [21] |
Rice | Salt inhibited seed germination | The alleviation of oxidative damage | [20] |
Cucumber | Temperature stress affected photosynthetic parameters | Altering photosynthetic gas exchange | [78] |
Rice | Temperature stress destroyed redox homeostasis | Re-establishing redox homeostasis | [22] |
Radish | UV-A stress reduced anthocyanin content | Upregulating the anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes | [79] |
Alfalfa | UV-B stress destroyed the antioxidant defense system | Reducing lipid peroxidation, regulating the antioxidant defence system | [80] |
Radish | Short wavelength light stress influenced anthocyanin biosynthesis | Enriching anthocyanin content | [81] |
Alfalfa | Oxidative stress enhanced oxidative damage | Increasing levels of the MsHO-1 transcript, alleviating oxidative stress | [23] |
Alfalfa | Drought stress destroyed the redox balance | Modulating stomatal sensitivity, reducing transpirational water loss | [82] |
Alfalfa | Drought stress affected the enzyme activity | Elevating H2O2 levels, the inhibition of NADPH oxidase | [10] |
Plant Species | Abiotic Stress and Its Effect | H2S Roles under Stress | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Rice | Cd stress affected the stability of the membrane | Improving oxidative damage and maintaining ROS homeostasis | [85] |
Foxtail millet | Cd stress broke the ion balance | Decreasing electrolytic leakage and enhancing photosynthesis | [84] |
Pea | As stress damaged proteins and membranes | Increasing the level of NO, alleviating oxidative damage | [83] |
Rice | Hg stress promoted ROS production | Improving the transcription of bZIP60, alleviating Hg toxicity | [4] |
Cauliflower | Pb stress destroyed GSH levels | Elevating nonprotein thiols and total GSH levels | [33] |
Zucchini | Ni stress reduced antioxidant enzyme activity | Enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and reducing Pro contents | [34] |
Wheat | Salt stress inhibited growth of wheat | Decreasing the Na+ concentration, alleviating the growth inhibition of wheat | [86] |
Cucumber | Salt stress induced oxidative stress | Maintaining Na+ and K+ homeostasis | [87] |
Broad bean | Salt stress affected stomatal sensitivity | Inducing stomatal closure, promoting H2O2 production | [88] |
Cucumber | Salt stress broke the redox balance | Alleviating oxidative damage, upregulating the CsNMAPK transcript level | [89] |
Grape | Low temperature stress affected the plasma membrane stability | Improving SOD activity and the plasma membrane stability of grape | [29] |
Banana | Low temperature disrupted ion stability | Maintaining a higher peel firmness, reducing accumulation of MDA | [90] |
Banana | Low temperature stress broke the redox balance | Inhibiting electrolyte leakage and reducing ethylene production | [91] |
Hawthorn | Low temperature stress decreased antioxidant enzyme activity | Promoting phenols accumulation and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity | [37] |
Cucumber | Low temperature stress influenced the expression of related genes | Upregulating the expression of Cucurbitacin C synthetase-encoding genes | [30] |
Tobacco | Heat temperature stress decreased vitality of cells | Improving vitality of cells and alleviating electrolyte leakage | [92] |
Poplar | Heat temperature stress reduced S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity | Increasing S-nitrosoglutathione reductase activity and reducing reactive oxygen/nitrogen damage | [31] |
Soybean | Drought stress affected plant photosynthesis | Enhancing chlorophyll contents and decreasing the production of H2O2 | [93] |
Arabidopsis | Drought stress changed the expression of drought associated genes | Stimulating the expression of drought associated genes | [27] |
Arabidopsis | Drought stress influenced the transcriptional expression of the ABA receptor | Decreasing transcriptional expression of ABA receptor | [94] |
Wheat | Drought stress changed MDA contents | Increasing antioxidant enzymes activity and reducing MDA contents | [28] |
Wheat | Osmotic stress destroyed cysteine homeostasis | Sustaining antioxidant enzymes and cysteine homeostasis | [35] |
Plant Species | Abiotic Stress and Its Effect | NO Roles under Stress | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Lichen | Cd stress decreased the content of ionic permeate | Regulating ROS balance, increasing Pro and AsA contents | [50] |
Peanut | Al stress promoted the production of harmful substances | Upregulating AhHsp70 expression and reducing cytochrome c release | [48] |
Wheat | Al stress destroyed the antioxidant defense system | Enhancing antioxidant defense, improving H2O2 levels | [5] |
Wheat | Al stress inhibited auxin flow | Improving the oxidized protein levels, guaranteeing normal indole-3-acetic acid flow | [47] |
Mangrove | Salt stress induced lipid peroxidation | Reducing hydrogen peroxide content and lipid peroxidation | [96] |
Arabidopsis | Salt stress broke the ion balance | Downregulating the expression of PIN genes, stabilizing IAA17 | [43] |
Tobacco | Salt affected the activity of antioxidant enzymes | Enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and H2S levels | [42] |
Chickpea | Salt stress increased electrolyte Leakage and the levels of osmolytes | Enhancing the biosyntheses of antioxidant enzymes | [97] |
Mustard | Salt stress accelerated oxidative damage | Regulating oxidative stress and photosynthetic performance | [7] |
Mustard | Salt stress influenced ion balance | Decreasing electrolytic leakage and K+/Na+ ratio | [98] |
Pisum sativum L. | Salt stress triggered the membrane lipid peroxidation | Reducing accumulations of ROS and MDA | [99] |
Jatropha curcas | Salt stress accelerated toxic ion accumulation | Ameliorating oxidative damage and toxic ion accumulation | [100] |
Wheat | Salt stress reduced biomass production and grain yield | Enhancing physiological and biochemical parameters | [1] |
Wheat | Temperature stress induced oxidative damage | Enhancing the accumulation of gliadin protein and starch | [101] |
Cherry | Temperature stress destroyed membrane integrity | Maintaining antioxidant system activity and membrane integrity | [102] |
Marigold | Drought stress induced carbohydrate and nitrogen accumulation | Increasing chlorophyll content and protein content | [45] |
Wheat | Osmotic stress created oxidative damage | Enhancing the antioxidant defense system, reducing the methyl-glyoxal content | [44] |
White clover | Drought stress influenced metabolic regulation and transform | Inducing changes of metabolic profiles | [103] |
Alfalfa | Drought stress inhibited growth physiological processes | Alleviating loss of water content and embryo axis elongation | [104] |
Plant Species | Abiotic Stress and Its Effect | CO Roles under Stress | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Alfalfa | Cd stress destroyed antioxidation enzymatic activities | Modulating glutathione metabolism | [57] |
Alfalfa | Cd induced a loss of plasma membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation | Upregulating expression of HO-1 gene | [106] |
Rapeseed | Hg stress inhibited growth and development | Improving antioxidation capacity and expression of BnHO-1 | [3] |
Mustard | Hg triggered production of O2⋅− and H2O2, as well as peroxides | Improving antioxidative enzymes, reducing oxidative stress | [107] |
Rice | Zn stress inhibited root elongation | Downregulating of the expression of homeostasis-related genes | [108] |
Wheat | Salt stress induced oxidative damage | Enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes | [109] |
Wheat | Salt stress caused oxidative damage | Counteracting lipid peroxidation | [110] |
Rice | Salt stress inhibited seed germination | Alleviating oxidative damage | [111] |
Wheat | Salt stress reduced antioxidant enzyme activities | Decreasing of superoxide anion overproduction | [112] |
Cassia obtusifolia L. | Salt stress lowered chlorophyll concentration | Alleviating oxidative damage, improving membrane permeability | [113] |
Soybean | Salt stress affected the parameters of lipid peroxidation | Improving lipid peroxidation and ureide metabolism | [58] |
Wheat | Osmotic stress-induced seed germination inhibition | Increasing in the activities of amylase and antioxidant enzyme | [114] |
Rice | Drought stress inhibited HO activity | Improving the level of HO-1 gene expression and HO activity | [115] |
Canola | Temperature stress delayed plant development | Enhancing the expression of BnDHN types gene | [15] |
Plant Species | Abiotic Stress and Its Effect | CH4 Roles under Stress | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Alfalfa | Al stress influenced the physiological roles of alfalfa | Enhancing resistance seedlings, regulating organic acid metabolism | [13] |
Alfalfa | Cu-triggered oxidative stress | Increasing amylase activities, reducing Cu accumulation | [67] |
Alfalfa | Cd stress decreased the ratio of reduced/oxidized (homo)glutathione | Re-establishing glutathione homeostasis, reducing lipid peroxidation | [68] |
Alfalfa | Salt reduced the activities of representative antioxidant enzymes | Reducing reactive oxygen species over accumulation | [65] |
Maize | Osmotic stress decreased biomass and relative water contents | Modulating sugar and AsA metabolism | [66] |
Mung bean | Osmotic stress broke the ion balance | Re-establishing redox balance, alleviating seed germination inhibition | [46] |
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Yao, Y.; Yang, Y.; Li, C.; Huang, D.; Zhang, J.; Wang, C.; Li, W.; Wang, N.; Deng, Y.; Liao, W. Research Progress on the Functions of Gasotransmitters in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses. Plants 2019, 8, 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8120605
Yao Y, Yang Y, Li C, Huang D, Zhang J, Wang C, Li W, Wang N, Deng Y, Liao W. Research Progress on the Functions of Gasotransmitters in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses. Plants. 2019; 8(12):605. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8120605
Chicago/Turabian StyleYao, Yandong, Yan Yang, Changxia Li, Dengjing Huang, Jing Zhang, Chunlei Wang, Weifang Li, Ni Wang, Yuzheng Deng, and Weibiao Liao. 2019. "Research Progress on the Functions of Gasotransmitters in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stresses" Plants 8, no. 12: 605. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8120605