Impact of Natural Disasters on Mental Health: Evidence and Implications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Search Strategy and Screening Process
2. Theoretical Frameworks/Models of Disaster–Mental Health Relationship
2.1. Stress–Reaction-Focused Frameworks
2.2. Psychosocial Frameworks
2.3. The Direct and Indirect Pathway
2.4. Community Recovery Models
3. The Course of Mental Health Issues Following Disasters
3.1. Design and Methods in Disaster Mental Health Research
3.1.1. Cross-Sectional
3.1.2. Longitudinal
3.2. Differential Psychopathology and Prevalence Rate
4. A Disaster as an Event of Transition—Measuring the Impact
Transitional Impact Scale
5. Relationship between the Transitional Impact of Disaster and Mental Health
6. Strengths and Limitations
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item No. | Material Subscale |
---|---|
1 | I spend my time in different places NOW than I did BEFORE the disaster event |
2 | I own different things NOW than I did BEFORE the disaster event |
3 | My material circumstances NOW are different than they were BEFORE the disaster event |
4 | The activities I engage in NOW are different from the ones I engaged in BEFORE the disaster event |
5 | The people I spend time with NOW are not the same people I spent time with BEFORE the disaster event |
6 | The place where I live NOW is different from the place I used to live in BEFORE the disaster event |
Psychological Subscale | |
7 | My current attitudes NOW are different than the attitudes I held BEFORE the disaster event |
8 | I think about things differently NOW than I did BEFORE the disaster event |
9 | My emotional responses NOW are different than they were BEFORE the disaster event |
10 | My sense of self NOW is different than it was BEFORE the disaster event |
11 | My psychological state NOW is different than it was BEFORE the disaster event |
12 | My understanding of right and wrong NOW is different than it was BEFORE the disaster event |
Disaster Stage | Determinants of Mental Health Consequences, e.g., PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety |
---|---|
Peri-disaster | Direct: Exposure to danger, life threat, injury, death of significant ones, proximity to disaster, witnessing horrific scenes, family and friends at disaster site Indirect: Evacuation/temporary displacement, temporary unemployment, leaving belongings behind during evacuation |
Post-disaster | Indirect: Home/property damage, home/property loss, job loss, forced relocation (permanent), disruption of community and healthcare resources, reduced/loss social support |
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Heanoy, E.Z.; Brown, N.R. Impact of Natural Disasters on Mental Health: Evidence and Implications. Healthcare 2024, 12, 1812. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12181812
Heanoy EZ, Brown NR. Impact of Natural Disasters on Mental Health: Evidence and Implications. Healthcare. 2024; 12(18):1812. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12181812
Chicago/Turabian StyleHeanoy, Eamin Z., and Norman R. Brown. 2024. "Impact of Natural Disasters on Mental Health: Evidence and Implications" Healthcare 12, no. 18: 1812. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12181812