Study on the Evolution of Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission of Medium-Permeability Sandstone under Multi-Level Cyclic Loading Stress Paths
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experiment Methods and Materials
2.1. Experimental Schemes Design
2.2. Medium-Permeability Sandstone Samples
2.3. Experimental Equipment and Procedures
Specimen NO. | Confining Pressures (MPa) | Height (mm) | Diameter (mm) |
---|---|---|---|
S-U-2 | 0 | 51.55 | 25.08 |
S-1 | 10 | 51.82 | 25.15 |
S-2 | 20 | 50.01 | 24.82 |
S-4 | 40 | 50.30 | 24.92 |
Specimen NO. | Diameter (mm) | Height (mm) | Confining Pressure (MPa) | Peak Stress (MPa) | Axial Pressure | Number of Cycles |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S-TC-10 | 25.11 | 50.21 | 10 | 117 | 10 MPa~0.6 σc | 40 |
10 MPa~0.7 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.8 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.9 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~1.0 σc | ||||||
S-TC-20 | 24.86 | 50.03 | 20 | 143 | 10 MPa~0.6 σc | 40 |
10 MPa~0.7 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.8 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.9 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~1.0 σc | ||||||
S-TC-30 | 25.21 | 50.08 | 30 | 164 | 10 MPa~0.6 σc | 40 |
10 MPa~0.7 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.8 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.9 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~1.0 σc | ||||||
S-TC-40 | 24.88 | 49.89 | 40 | 186 | 10 MPa~0.6 σc | 40 |
10 MPa~0.7 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.8 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~0.9 σc | ||||||
10 MPa~1.0 σc |
3. Results of the Experiment
3.1. Triaxial Compressive Stress–Strain Curve
3.2. Stress-Strain Curve in Cyclic Loading–Unloading Triaxial Compression
4. Discussion
4.1. Mechanical Parameters Analysis in Cyclic Loading–Unloading Tests
4.2. Energy Evolution Analysis in Cyclic Loading–Unloading Tests
4.3. AE Count Characteristic Analysis in Cyclic Loading–Unloading Tests
4.4. b-Value Analysis in Cyclic Loading–Unloading Tests
4.5. RAAF Distribution Analysis in Cyclic Loading–Unloading Tests
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Specimen NO. | Confining Pressure (MPa) | Peak Stress (MPa) | Damage Stress Threshold (MPa) | Elastic Modulus (MPa) | Poisson’s Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S-U-2 | 0 | 51.12 | 42.53499 | 7894 | 0.16 |
S-1 | 10 | 117.66 | 91.96987 | 17,302 | 0.15 |
S-2 | 20 | 143.30 | 106.37346 | 14,843 | 0.17 |
S-4 | 40 | 186.00 | 138.99171 | 15,976 | 0.15 |
Stress Level | 10 MPa | 20 MPa | 30 MPa | 40 MPa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.6σc | 0.0440 | 0.0440 | 0.0742 | 0.0742 | 0.0703 | 0.07034 | 0.0488 | 0.0488 |
0.7σc | 0.0628 | 0.1068 | 0.1160 | 0.1902 | 0.1073 | 0.1776 | 0.0821 | 0.1310 |
0.8σc | 0.1747 | 0.2815 | 0.1613 | 0.3515 | 0.1631 | 0.3407 | 0.1418 | 0.2728 |
0.9σc | 0.2834 | 0.5649 | 0.2504 | 0.6019 | 0.2514 | 0.5921 | 0.2604 | 0.5332 |
1.0σc | 0.4351 | 1 | 0.3981 | 1 | 0.4079 | 1 | 0.4668 | 1 |
Stress Level | 10 MPa | 20 MPa | 30 MPa | 40 MPa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.6σc | 0.00343 | 0.00343 | 0.04997 | 0.04997 | 0.02491 | 0.02491 | 0.03335 | 0.03335 |
0.7σc | 0.00013 | 0.00356 | 0.0057 | 0.05567 | 0.00632 | 0.03123 | 0.00435 | 0.0377 |
0.8σc | 0.00239 | 0.00595 | 0.00394 | 0.05961 | 0.00707 | 0.03831 | 0.00324 | 0.04094 |
0.9σc | 0.00168 | 0.00762 | 0.00629 | 0.0659 | 0.00835 | 0.04666 | 0.01404 | 0.05498 |
1.0σc | 0.01504 | 0.02266 | 0.01794 | 0.08384 | 0.01696 | 0.06362 | 0.94502 | 1 |
1.14/1.17σc | 0.97734 | 1 | 0.91616 | 1 | 0.93637 | 1 | / | / |
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Xia, D.; Liu, H.; Liu, J.; Guo, Y.; Liu, M.; Qiu, X.; Li, H.; Tan, H.; Lu, J. Study on the Evolution of Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission of Medium-Permeability Sandstone under Multi-Level Cyclic Loading Stress Paths. Processes 2024, 12, 1773. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12081773
Xia D, Liu H, Liu J, Guo Y, Liu M, Qiu X, Li H, Tan H, Lu J. Study on the Evolution of Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission of Medium-Permeability Sandstone under Multi-Level Cyclic Loading Stress Paths. Processes. 2024; 12(8):1773. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12081773
Chicago/Turabian StyleXia, Debin, Hejuan Liu, Jianjun Liu, Yintong Guo, Mancang Liu, Xiaosong Qiu, Haibo Li, Hongying Tan, and Jun Lu. 2024. "Study on the Evolution of Mechanical Properties and Acoustic Emission of Medium-Permeability Sandstone under Multi-Level Cyclic Loading Stress Paths" Processes 12, no. 8: 1773. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr12081773