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J. Compos. Sci.
Volume 8
Issue 2
10.3390/jcs8020060
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Article

Deterioration of Cementitious Materials in Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Pumping Stations and Sand-Trap Structures

by
Nedson T. Kashaija
1,2,3,*,
Viktória Gável
4,*,
Krett Gergely
2,
Kovago Akos
1,
Miklós Kürthy
5,
Csaba Szabó
1,6,
Erika Tóth
2 and
Zsuzsanna Szabó-Krausz
1
1
Lithosphere Fluid Research Lab, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
2
Department of Microbiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
3
Doctoral School of Environmental Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. s. 1/C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
4
Cement Industry Research & Development Ltd. (CEMKUT Ltd.), Bécsi út 122-124, 1034 Budapest, Hungary
5
Transdanubian Regional Waterworks Ltd., Szabolcsi u. 40, 2481 Velence, Hungary
6
Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, 9400 Sopron, Hungary
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8(2), 60; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8020060
Submission received: 30 November 2023 / Revised: 27 December 2023 / Accepted: 19 January 2024 / Published: 5 February 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Composites for Construction Industry)
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Abstract

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are critical infrastructures for wastewater management, and their durability is crucial. Due to their excellent water tightness and strength, cementitious materials are used to build WWTPs. However, the performance of these materials is affected by aggressive environments. There are few in situ experiments in the literature regarding the deterioration of cementitious materials in WWTPs. This paper investigates their deterioration mechanisms in a sewage pumping station and a sand-trap structure of a WWTP. In situ experiment was conducted by exposing cement specimens in both locations for 1, 2, 3 and 7 months. The physical and morphological changes of the specimens were examined using stereo microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, whereas the mineralogical/solid phase changes were examined using X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the specimens from the pumping station formed colored surface products, which were confirmed to be secondary minerals (i.e., gypsum and ettringite), whereas there were no colored surface products in the sand-trap structure. The results demonstrated that cementitious materials subjected to wastewater vapors (in a pumping station) had higher deterioration effects than those subjected to wastewater liquid (in a sand-trap structure), suggesting that the wastewater vapors are more aggressive toward cementitious materials than wastewater liquids.
Keywords: cement and concrete; wastewater treatment plant; deterioration; durability; ordinary Portland cement cement and concrete; wastewater treatment plant; deterioration; durability; ordinary Portland cement
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MDPI and ACS Style

Kashaija, N.T.; Gável, V.; Gergely, K.; Akos, K.; Kürthy, M.; Szabó, C.; Tóth, E.; Szabó-Krausz, Z. Deterioration of Cementitious Materials in Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Pumping Stations and Sand-Trap Structures. J. Compos. Sci. 2024, 8, 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8020060

AMA Style

Kashaija NT, Gável V, Gergely K, Akos K, Kürthy M, Szabó C, Tóth E, Szabó-Krausz Z. Deterioration of Cementitious Materials in Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Pumping Stations and Sand-Trap Structures. Journal of Composites Science. 2024; 8(2):60. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8020060

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kashaija, Nedson T., Viktória Gável, Krett Gergely, Kovago Akos, Miklós Kürthy, Csaba Szabó, Erika Tóth, and Zsuzsanna Szabó-Krausz. 2024. "Deterioration of Cementitious Materials in Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Pumping Stations and Sand-Trap Structures" Journal of Composites Science 8, no. 2: 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8020060

APA Style

Kashaija, N. T., Gável, V., Gergely, K., Akos, K., Kürthy, M., Szabó, C., Tóth, E., & Szabó-Krausz, Z. (2024). Deterioration of Cementitious Materials in Wastewater Treatment Plants’ Pumping Stations and Sand-Trap Structures. Journal of Composites Science, 8(2), 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs8020060

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