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Engineering Proceedings
Volume 90
Issue 1
10.3390/engproc2025090089
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Proceeding Paper

The Efficiency of Drone Propellers—A Relevant Step Towards Sustainability †

by
Jaan Susi
,
Karl-Eerik Unt
and
Siim Heering
*
Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Estonian Aviation Academy, Lennu 40, Reola, 61707 Kambja Parish, Tartu County, Estonia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 14th EASN International Conference on “Innovation in Aviation & Space towards sustainability today & tomorrow”, Thessaloniki, Greece, 8–11 October 2024.
Eng. Proc. 2025, 90(1), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025090089
Published: 31 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 14th EASN International Conference on “Innovation in Aviation & Space Towards Sustainability Today & Tomorrow”)
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Abstract

The static efficiency of a propeller cannot be determined in the same way as for propellers operating in the presence of freestream airflow. As various kinds of multirotor drones and small UAVs operate in hovering or nearly hovering modes, it is necessary to develop methods for determining and measuring the static aerodynamic efficiency of small-scale propellers. Propellers with a Reynolds number near the 0.75 R, where the blade section is less than 500,000, are considered to be at a critical value, i.e., the estimated border between two flow modes—laminar and turbulent. The efficiency of small-scale propellers may be hard to predict through modeling, making direct empirical measurements invaluable in this situation.
Keywords: propeller efficiency; applied aerodynamics; small-scale propellers; multirotors propeller efficiency; applied aerodynamics; small-scale propellers; multirotors

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MDPI and ACS Style

Susi, J.; Unt, K.-E.; Heering, S. The Efficiency of Drone Propellers—A Relevant Step Towards Sustainability. Eng. Proc. 2025, 90, 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025090089

AMA Style

Susi J, Unt K-E, Heering S. The Efficiency of Drone Propellers—A Relevant Step Towards Sustainability. Engineering Proceedings. 2025; 90(1):89. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025090089

Chicago/Turabian Style

Susi, Jaan, Karl-Eerik Unt, and Siim Heering. 2025. "The Efficiency of Drone Propellers—A Relevant Step Towards Sustainability" Engineering Proceedings 90, no. 1: 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025090089

APA Style

Susi, J., Unt, K.-E., & Heering, S. (2025). The Efficiency of Drone Propellers—A Relevant Step Towards Sustainability. Engineering Proceedings, 90(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025090089

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