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Adaptation and Responses of Insects Under Abiotic, Biotic and Xenobiotic...
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Adaptation and Responses of Insects Under Abiotic, Biotic and Xenobiotic Constraints—2nd Edition

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Pest and Disease Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 January 2025 | Viewed by 1939

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Bin Tang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
Interests: biology; natural enemies; trehalose metabolism; integrated pest management; RNAi; RNA-seq; gene function; biological control; insect physiology; biochemistry; cold tolerance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Xiaoling Tan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: insect ecology and pest management; climate change; plant resistant to pests; environmental entomology; ecological control of pests
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yifan Zhai

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
Interests: natural enemies insects; pollination insects; omics; diapause; development; molecular regulation mechanism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following the first Special Issue "Adaptation and Responses of Insects under Abiotic, Biotic and Xenobiotic Constraints" of Agronomy, the Editorial Office is willing to launch a second edition of the issue.

Insects are the most diverse animal group on Earth, with approximately one million known species that play important roles in nearly all ecosystems. They possess a remarkable range of biological and evolutionary adaptations to abiotic, biotic, and xenobiotic constraints. In recent decades, thousands of research articles have been published on insects, but the impact of abiotic (temperature, humidity, photoperiod, atmospheric gases, soil fertility, etc.), biotic (insects, plants, and microorganisms), and xenobiotic (chemicals and other pollutants) constraints on the overall life cycle of insects, as well as their underlying mechanisms, is still an active area of current research worldwide. We believe that in-depth information about the physiological and evolutionary adaptations and other responses of insects in coping with these stress conditions will help in managing economically important insect pests.

This Special Issue will present a collection of articles promoting in-depth knowledge of insects’ responses to environmental stresses, including abiotic, biotic, and xenobiotic constraints, such as temperature, humidity, photoperiod, atmospheric gases, soil fertility, chemical pesticides, and other artificial pollutants (e.g., chemical fertilizers), microorganisms, and natural enemies in the agroecosystem. The articles will also explore the potential impact of these stressors at higher trophic levels.

For this Special Issue, we welcome all types of submissions, including original research, reviews, perspectives, and opinion articles in relevant fields. The topics may include (but are not limited to) the following: (1) physiological and molecular mechanisms of insects in response to temperature stress (high or low); (2) adaptation and response of insects to chemicals and environmental pollutants in the agroecosystems; (3) impacts of natural enemies and microorganisms on the overall biodiversity and population dynamics of insects in agroecosystems; and (4) adaptation mechanisms of insects at the physiological or evolutionary level for coping with stress conditions.

Prof. Dr. Bin Tang
Dr. Xiaoling Tan
Dr. Yifan Zhai
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • abiotic and biotic stress
  • chemical pesticides
  • artificial pollutants
  • soil fertility
  • ecosystem services
  • biological and physiological responses
  • biodiversity
  • population dynamics
  • evolutionary adaptations
  • ecology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 2423 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Serpin Family Genes in Three Rice Planthopper Species and Their Expression Profiles in Response to Metarhizium Infection
by Ruonan Zhang, Zichun Zhong, Liyan He, Hongxin Wu, Liuyan He, Yujing Guo, Haoming Wu, Xiaoxia Xu, Fengliang Jin and Rui Pang
Agronomy 2024, 14(11), 2630; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112630 - 7 Nov 2024
Viewed by 399
Abstract
Rice planthoppers, including Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, and Laodelphax striatellus, are major agricultural pests. Serpins, which function as serine protease inhibitors, play a pivotal role in the immune systems of these insects, especially within the Toll signaling pathway and the [...] Read more.
Rice planthoppers, including Nilaparvata lugens, Sogatella furcifera, and Laodelphax striatellus, are major agricultural pests. Serpins, which function as serine protease inhibitors, play a pivotal role in the immune systems of these insects, especially within the Toll signaling pathway and the prophenoloxidase (PPO) cascade. This study presents a comparative analysis of serpin genes among these species, highlighting their roles in immunity and development. Utilizing genomic and bioinformatics approaches, we identified 11, 11, and 14 serpin genes in N. lugens, S. furcifera, and L. striatellus, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a close evolutionary relationship between these serpin genes and Bombyx mori BmSerpins, emphasizing the functional diversity of the serpin family. Structural analysis confirmed the presence of the reactive center loop (RCL) in all serpin proteins, with the Serpin7 subfamily showing a unique dual RCL configuration. Expression profiling showed species-specific serpin expression patterns across different life stages and adult tissues. Moreover, transcriptional analysis of serpin genes in the three planthoppers following Metarhizium infection uncovered distinct immune regulatory patterns two days post-infection. Notably, the expression of NlSerpin2-2/6, SfSerpin4/6/7-1, and LsSerpin4/5-2/6 was upregulated post-infection, potentially enhancing antifungal capabilities. In contrast, the expressions of NlSerpin1/7-1/9 and LsSerpin1/2/3/8/13 were downregulated, possibly suppressing immune responses. Moreover, Serpin6s, which share a conserved phylogenetic lineage, exhibited enhanced immune activity in response to fungal invasion. These insights into serpin-mediated immune regulation could contribute to the development of novel pest-control strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adaptation and Responses of Insects Under Abiotic, Biotic and Xenobiotic Constraints—2nd Edition)
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13 pages, 6819 KiB  
Article
The Adaptability of Beet Webworm (Loxostege sticticalis) to Soybeans and Other Different Host Plants
by Xingwei Ji, Xingfu Jiang, Jiao Yin, Julian Chen, Tianbo Ding and Xiaoling Tan
Agronomy 2024, 14(11), 2595; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112595 - 4 Nov 2024
Viewed by 438
Abstract
The beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis has caused significant economic losses to the production of agriculture and animal husbandry in China. Preference testing of larva feeding and adult oviposition and flight capability tests were carried out on five host plants: soybean, pigweed, pea, broad [...] Read more.
The beet webworm Loxostege sticticalis has caused significant economic losses to the production of agriculture and animal husbandry in China. Preference testing of larva feeding and adult oviposition and flight capability tests were carried out on five host plants: soybean, pigweed, pea, broad bean, and alfalfa. An experimental population life table and population growth trends over the subsequent 200 days were constructed. The test results show that the larvae showed no significant preference among different plants. However, adults lay more eggs on soybeans. The pests failed to complete a generation when fed on broad beans and alfalfas. When fed on pigweed, they showed the shortest larvae development period, the heaviest pupal weight, the longest adult longevity, and the largest egg-laying amount. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ), and simulated population growth trend of the pests fed on pigweed show the highest values, and those fed on peas showed the lowest values. The total flight distance and flight time of adults fed on pigweed and soybeans were significantly greater compared to those fed on peas. In summary, beet webworms fed on pigweed showed the fastest development and reproduction, the largest population, and the strongest flight capability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adaptation and Responses of Insects Under Abiotic, Biotic and Xenobiotic Constraints—2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 1397 KiB  
Article
Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Afidopyropen and Flonicamid on Life Parameters and Physiological Responses of the Tobacco Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1
by Wenjuan Ding, Tengfei Xu, Guodong Zhu, Pengfei Chu, Shouzhu Liu and Ming Xue
Agronomy 2024, 14(8), 1774; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14081774 - 13 Aug 2024
Viewed by 818
Abstract
The tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, is a destructive pest that damages plants by sucking plant juice and transmitting viruses. B. tabaci insecticide resistance contributes to population resurgence, and new insecticides are continually needed. Flonicamid and afidopyropen are selective pesticides with high insecticidal [...] Read more.
The tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1, is a destructive pest that damages plants by sucking plant juice and transmitting viruses. B. tabaci insecticide resistance contributes to population resurgence, and new insecticides are continually needed. Flonicamid and afidopyropen are selective pesticides with high insecticidal activity against piercing–sucking pests and safety to non-target species. We determined the toxicity of flonicamid and afidopyropen to B. tabaci, investigated the sublethal effects on life parameters, and studied physiological responses to them. Flonicamid and afidopyropen were highly toxic to B. tabaci, with LC50 values of 12.795 mg/L (afidopyropen) and 25.359 mg/L (flonicamid) to nymphs and 4.711 mg/L (afidopyropen) and 11.050 mg/L (flonicamid) to adults. Sublethal concentrations (LC10 and LC20) reduced the longevity and fecundity of the B. tabaci F0 generation. Transgenerational effects were caused by exposure to sublethal concentrations of flonicamid and afidopyropen. Nymph mortality increased, development was delayed, fecundity decreased, and adult longevity was shortened. Population parameters such as the intrinsic rate of growth (r), net reproductive rate (R0), and finite rate of growth (λ) were significantly decreased compared to the control. The activity of detoxifying enzymes, such as GSTs and P450, were induced by flonicamid and afidopyropen at 72 h, while CarE was inhibited. The expression levels of eleven P450 genes and four GST genes were significantly higher than in the control. In conclusion, flonicamid and afidopyropen have excellent acute toxicity and continuous control effects on B. tabaci. Higher GST and P450 activities and gene expression levels may play important roles in the detoxification metabolic process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adaptation and Responses of Insects Under Abiotic, Biotic and Xenobiotic Constraints—2nd Edition)
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