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Agronomy
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New Plant Sources of Healthy Oil
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New Plant Sources of Healthy Oil

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Biosystem and Biological Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 16353

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Othmane Merah

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Laboratoire de Chimie Agro-Industrielle (LCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Toulouse, CEDEX 4, 31030 Toulouse, France
2. Département Génie Biologique, IUT Paul Sabatier, Université Paul Sabatier, 32000 Auch, France
Interests: plant physiology; plant breeding; abiotic stress; bioactive accumulation; essential oils; biofertilizers; cereals; oilseed crop; legumes; vegetables
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Giuseppe De Mastro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
Interests: long term experiments; cropping system analysis; conservation tillage; agro-biodiversity; crop sciences (cereals, grain legumes, oilseed crop, medicinal and aromatic plant); innovative bio-based pesticides (biopesticides and biofertilizers)
Dr. Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Environment & Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India
Interests: climate-resilient agriculture; food security; sustainable agriculture; agrobiodiversity; agricultural sustainability; indigenous and local knowledge (ILK); wild crops
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, significant progress has been made in research on the consumption of natural foods to improve human health. The development of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and medicinal foods influences current dietary habits. In addition, it is necessary to satisfy the needs of a growing world population for edible oil, and the research of the effects of these oils on the prevention of the diseases. These demands have resulted in a significant increase in oil production. The protective effects of oils on health are influenced by their composition of fatty acids, phytosterols and tocopherols. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are of paramount importance for the proper functioning of the brain and eyes. These fatty acids and phytosterols are effective in lowering total cholesterol, preventing certain risks linked to neurodegenerative and tumor diseases. The constantly changing diets and societal demand for new sources of oil containing polyunsaturated fatty acids has become a health problem. The nutritional claims of health organizations around the world relate to the reduction of saturated fats and/or fatty acids. However, 96% of the oils come from the four main oilseed species. In addition, 45% of oils produced worldwide are rich in saturated fatty acids. It is therefore obvious that we are looking for new oils with specific characteristics which can preserve not only human health but also protect our environment. The purpose of this Special Issue is to present and explore these new plant sources (plant or algae) with specific lipid compositions rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, new sources of saturated fatty acids, new extraction processes (green solvents), or fermentation in order to limit the impact on the environment. This Special Issue concerns the characterization of new sources (non-domesticated species, forgotten species, species not used for oil extraction, etc.) of oil for their content of healthy compounds (unsaturated fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols, etc.), screening of collections of old varieties or development of new cultivars, modification of lipid biosynthesis pathways, and transformation processes of raw materials.

Prof. Dr. Othmane Merah
Prof. Giuseppe De Mastro
Prof. Dr. Purushothaman Chirakkuzhyil Abhilash
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Development of new cultivars
  • Screening of collection of old varieties
  • Forgotten or unused species for oil production
  • Selection assisted by markers
  • Genetic determinism of lipids
  • Lipid biosynthesis pathways
  • Lipid metabolism in plants and algae
  • Genetic transformation
  • Effect of farming practices
  • New sources of oil
  • Algae and microalgae
  • Industrial processing residues
  • Oil extraction
  • Chemical characterization of oils
  • Economic and societal study

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 1911 KiB  
Article
High-Oleic Palm Oil (HOPO) Production from Parthenocarpic Fruits in Oil Palm Interspecific Hybrids Using Naphthalene Acetic Acid
by Hernán Mauricio Romero, Edison Daza, Iván Ayala-Díaz and Rodrigo Ruiz-Romero
Agronomy 2021, 11(2), 290; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020290 - 5 Feb 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 6152
Abstract
Interspecific OxG hybrids of African palm Elaeis guineensis Jacq. and the American palm Elaeis oleifera Cortes produce high-oleic palm oil (HOPO) with low saturated fatty acid content. OxG hybrids are highly productive, grow slowly, and are resistant to bud rot disease. However, OxG [...] Read more.
Interspecific OxG hybrids of African palm Elaeis guineensis Jacq. and the American palm Elaeis oleifera Cortes produce high-oleic palm oil (HOPO) with low saturated fatty acid content. OxG hybrids are highly productive, grow slowly, and are resistant to bud rot disease. However, OxG hybrid pollen presents low viability and germinability, so assisted pollination is a must. Hybrids can produce parthenocarpic or seedless fruits, with the exogenous application of plant growth regulators. Thus, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) effects on parthenocarpic fruits induction, bunch formation, and oil quality were evaluated. The OxG hybrid Coari x La Mé was used. NAA doses, frequency, number of applications, and the phenological stages for the treatments were defined. A total dose of 1200 mg L−1 NAA applied three or four times produced bunches with better fruit set, similar average bunch weight, and oil to dry mesocarp than those obtained with assisted pollination. At a semi-commercial scale, 1200 mg L−1 NAA induced bunches that consisted of 93% or more of seedless fruits. Bunch number (2208 ± 84 versus 1690 ± 129) and oil to bunch (32.2 ± 0.7 versus 25.3 ± 0.8) were higher in the NAA induced bunches than in the assisted pollination. However, the average bunch weight was lower (12.2 ± 0.4 versus 14.9 ± 0.6). NAA increased oil to bunch in 36% (8.7 ± 0.1 versus 6.4 ± 0.3). Thus, with this technology, it is plausible to reach more than 10 tons per hectare per year of HOPO. Potentially, without increasing the planted oil palm area, OxG hybrids and NAA applications could alone meet the world’s fats and oil demands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Plant Sources of Healthy Oil)
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21 pages, 2416 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Evaluation of Salvia hispanica L. and Salvia columbariae Benth. Varieties for Their Cultivation in Southwestern Germany
by Samantha Jo Grimes, Filippo Capezzone, Peteh Mehdi Nkebiwe and Simone Graeff-Hönninger
Agronomy 2020, 10(12), 2012; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10122012 - 21 Dec 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4366
Abstract
Rising consumer attraction towards superfoods and the steadily increasing demand for healthy, environmentally sustainable, and regionally produced food products has sharpened the demand for chia. Over the course of 4 years, two early flowering chia varieties belonging to Salvia hispanica L., and Salvia [...] Read more.
Rising consumer attraction towards superfoods and the steadily increasing demand for healthy, environmentally sustainable, and regionally produced food products has sharpened the demand for chia. Over the course of 4 years, two early flowering chia varieties belonging to Salvia hispanica L., and Salvia columbariae Benth. Species were identified to complete their phenological development and, therefore, able to reach maturity under a photoperiod >12 h, thus enabling the cultivation of chia in central Europe—more specifically, in southwestern Germany—consistently for the first time. Results obtained by the conducted field trial in 2018 showed that chia seed yields and thousand-seed mass ranged from 284.13 to 643.99 kg ha−1 and 0.92 to 1.36 g, respectively. Further, the statistical analyses showed that the protein content of the cultivated chia varieties ranged from 22.14 to 27.78%, the mucilage content varied from 10.35 to 20.66%, and the crude oil content amounted up to 28.00 and 31.73%. Fatty acid profiles were similar to previously reported data with α-Linolenic acid being the most prominent one, ranging from 60.40 to 65.87%, and we obtained ω6:ω3 ratios between 0.2 and 0.3. In conclusion, chia could represent a promising raw material from a nutritional point of view, while being able to diversify the local food basis of southwestern Germany. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Plant Sources of Healthy Oil)
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13 pages, 1400 KiB  
Article
Impact of Linseed Variety, Location and Production Year on Seed Yield, Oil Content and Its Composition
by Barbara Čeh, Saša Štraus, Aleš Hladnik and Anita Kušar
Agronomy 2020, 10(11), 1770; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10111770 - 12 Nov 2020
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 4596
Abstract
Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a traditional oilseed crop in Europe that represents a valuable alternative for cropping systems because of the high quality of the seed oil, which is being increasingly appreciated by consumers, food, cosmetic and ecomaterials industries. The aim [...] Read more.
Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a traditional oilseed crop in Europe that represents a valuable alternative for cropping systems because of the high quality of the seed oil, which is being increasingly appreciated by consumers, food, cosmetic and ecomaterials industries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of linseed variety and year of production in relation to weather conditions on seed yields, oil content and its quality, with a focus on human nutrition value, through a field study carried at four different locations in Slovenia. Six early French linseed varieties were studied: Recital, Niagara, Princess, Altess, Comtess and Duchess. The seed yield was significantly affected by the year of production (413 kg/ha higher in 2012 compared to 2013), the location and the variety. The environmental factors that negatively affect seed yield are high temperatures in summer, water shortage and wet and cold soil in spring. The highest seed yield was reached at mid-heavy soil (1907 kg/ha) in the region with higher precipitation amount, while the lowest on light soil (1052 kg/ha) in the region with a lower precipitation amount. Comtess and Altess varieties, followed by Duchess, would be recommendable for Slovenian environmental conditions. Comtess variety gave the significantly highest oil yield. There were no significant differences in oil content between varieties. The content of α-linolenic acid was highly related to genetic and environmental factors. The ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids was recognized as favorable for human health for all studied varieties. The content of α-linolenic acid in seeds from the Altess, Comtess and Duchess varieties exceeded the averages of 2012 and 2013, at 50.3% and 51.6%, respectively. The omega-3:omega-6 ratio ranged from 3:1 to 4:1 among varieties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Plant Sources of Healthy Oil)
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