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Recent Advances in Poultry Respiratory and Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases, Volume...
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Recent Advances in Poultry Respiratory and Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases, Volume II

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Poultry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 3369

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Elena Catelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Interests: vaccines; vaccine development; marek's disease; avian metapneumovirus; avian coronavirus; infectious bursal disease; newcastle disease; avian influenza; avian viral respiratory diseases; avian immunosuppressive diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Caterina Lupini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Interests: avian viral diseases; vaccines; vaccine development; avian respiratory diseases; avian viral immunosuppressive diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Giulia Mescolini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
A.U.S.L. della Romagna - Via Don Eugenio Servadei, 3, 47122 Forlì, FC, Italy
Interests: Marek's disease; avian metapneumovirus; avian coronavirus; infectious bursal disease; avian viral respiratory and immunosuppressive diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Technological innovation has greatly improved the efficiency and the welfare of poultry production, especially in relation to nutrition, housing, and health management.

Despite the great strides made in terms of disease control, respiratory and immunosuppressive viral diseases remain one of the main challenges in intensively reared poultry, while these infections can cause substantial economic losses themselves, and act as a trigger for even more serious bacterial disease.

We invite original research papers that address recent advances in the etiology, epidemiology, pathobiology, diagnosis, and control by vaccination of viral respiratory and immunosuppressive diseases of poultry. Studies on the major viral infections of poultry, such as infectious bronchitis (Avian coronavirus), turkey rhinotracheitis and swollen head Syndrome (Avian metapneumovirus), infectious laryngotracheitis (Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1), Newcastle disease (Avian orthoavulavirus 1), avian influenza (Influenza A virus), infectious bursal disease (Infectious bursal disease virus), chicken infectious anemia (Chicken anemia virus), Marek’s disease (Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2), and turkey hemorrhagic enteritis (Turkey siadenovirus A), are welcomed.  Minor, or newly observed, respiratory and immunosuppressive viral conditions will be also considered.  Additional topics may include the interaction between different pathogens in experimental or field conditions or the observation of well-known agents in unusual host species.

Prof. Dr. Elena Catelli
Dr. Caterina Lupini
Dr. Giulia Mescolini
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • poultry
  • epidemiology
  • vaccines
  • avian coronavirus
  • infectious laryngotracheitis
  • Newcastle disease
  • avian influenza

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

8 pages, 1191 KiB  
Article
Tracing the Flight: Investigating the Introduction of Avian Metapneumovirus (aMPV) A and B
by Giovanni Franzo, Matteo Legnardi, Giulia Faustini, Riccardo Baston, Francesca Poletto, Mattia Cecchinato and Claudia Maria Tucciarone
Animals 2024, 14(12), 1786; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14121786 - 14 Jun 2024
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Abstract
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) has been identified as an important cause of respiratory and reproductive disease, leading to significant productive losses worldwide. Different subtypes have been found to circulate in different regions, with aMPV-A and B posing a significant burden especially in the Old [...] Read more.
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) has been identified as an important cause of respiratory and reproductive disease, leading to significant productive losses worldwide. Different subtypes have been found to circulate in different regions, with aMPV-A and B posing a significant burden especially in the Old World, and aMPV-C in North America, albeit with limited exceptions of marginal economic relevance. Recently, both aMPV-A and aMPV-B have been reported in the U.S.; however, the route of introduction has not been investigated. In the present study, the potential importation pathways have been studied through phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses based on a broad collection of partial attachment (G) protein sequences collected worldwide. aMPV-B circulating in the U.S. seems the descendant of Eastern Asian strains, which, in turn, are related to European ones. A likely introduction pathway mediated by wild bird migration through the Beringian crucible, where the East Asian and Pacific American flight paths intersect, appears likely and was previously reported for avian influenza. aMPV-A, on the other hand, showed a Mexican origin, involving strains related to Asian ones. Given the low likelihood of trade or illegal importation, the role of wild birds appears probable also in this case, since the region is covered by different flight paths directed in a North–South direction through America. Since the information on the role of wild birds in aMPV epidemiology is still scarce and scattered, considering the significant practical implications for the poultry industry demonstrated by recent U.S. outbreaks, further surveys on wild birds are encouraged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Poultry Respiratory and Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases, Volume II)
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12 pages, 1208 KiB  
Article
Exploring Variability: Inflammation Mediator Levels across Tissues and Time in Poultry Experimentally Infected by the G1a and G6 Genogroups of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV)
by Giovanni Franzo, Giorgia Dotto, Caterina Lupini, Matteo Legnardi, Claudia Maria Tucciarone, Francesca Poletto, Elena Catelli, Giulia Graziosi, Mattia Cecchinato and Daniela Pasotto
Animals 2024, 14(11), 1619; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14111619 - 29 May 2024
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Abstract
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a significant burden for poultry production and market due to both direct disease and induced immunosuppression. In the present study, the expression of different cytokines in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus was evaluated during a 28-day-long [...] Read more.
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a significant burden for poultry production and market due to both direct disease and induced immunosuppression. In the present study, the expression of different cytokines in the bursa of Fabricius and thymus was evaluated during a 28-day-long experimental infection with two strains classified in the G1a (Classical) and G6 (ITA) genogroups. Although both strains significantly affected and modulated the expression of different molecules, the G6 strain seemed to induce a delayed immune response or suppress it more promptly. A recovery in the expression of several mediators was observed in the G1a-infected group at the end of the study, but not in the G6 one, further supporting a more persistent immunosuppression. This evidence fits with the higher replication level previously reported for the G6 and with the clinical outcome, as this genotype, although subclinical, has often been considered more immunosuppressive. However, unlike other studies focused on shorter time periods after infection, the patterns observed in this paper were highly variable and complex, depending on the strain, tissue, and time point, and characterized by a non-negligible within-group variability. Besides confirming the strain/genogroup effect on immune system modulation, the present study suggests the usefulness of longer monitoring activities after experimental infection to better understand the complex patterns and interactions with the host response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Poultry Respiratory and Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases, Volume II)
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13 pages, 4323 KiB  
Article
Molecular Characteristics of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus in Central and Eastern China from 2020 to 2022
by Shuqi Xu, Zhibin Zhang, Xin Xu, Jun Ji, Lunguang Yao, Yunchao Kan, Qingmei Xie and Yingzuo Bi
Animals 2023, 13(17), 2709; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13172709 - 25 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1316
Abstract
To evaluate the recent evolution of CIAV in China, 43 flocks of chickens from the provinces of Henan, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Anhui were screened via polymerase chain reaction during 2020–2022. Of these, 27 flocks tested positive for CIAV nucleic acids, including 12 which [...] Read more.
To evaluate the recent evolution of CIAV in China, 43 flocks of chickens from the provinces of Henan, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Anhui were screened via polymerase chain reaction during 2020–2022. Of these, 27 flocks tested positive for CIAV nucleic acids, including 12 which were positive for other immunosuppression viruses. Additionally, 27 CIAV strains were isolated, and their whole genomes were sequenced. The AH2001 and JS2002 strains shared the highest identity at 99.56%, and the HB2102 and HB2101 strains shared the lowest identity at 95.34%. Based on the genome sequences of these strains and reference strains, a phylogenetic tree was constructed and divided into eight main branches. Most of the strains were grouped with the East Asian strains, whereas the HB2101 strain belonged to the Brazil and Argentina cluster. A recombination event was detected in multiple strains, in which AH2002 recombined from KJ728827/China/2014 (from Taiwan Province) and HN2203, and AH2202 recombined from KX811526/China/2017 (from Shandong Province) and HN2203. All the obtained strains had a highly pathogenic Gln amino acid site at position 394 of the VP1. Overall, our findings demonstrate the importance of CIAV monitoring and provide data that aid in understanding the evolution of CIAV. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Poultry Respiratory and Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases, Volume II)
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