Vector-Borne Diseases and Vector Control Strategies in Animals

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 1940

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Entomology, Veterinary Entomology Laboratory, Louisiana State University, 409 Life Sciences Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
Interests: ecology, surveillance and control of arthropods/vector-borne diseases affecting human and animal health
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vector-borne diseases (VBD) in vertebrates are caused by protozoans, helminths, bacteria, or viruses that are usually transmitted through the bite of hematophagous arthropods (vectors) during blood feeding events. These diseases account for around 17% of all global infectious diseases and exert a significant impact, directly and/or indirectly, on human and animal health worldwide. Currently, effective vaccines or drugs are not available for a majority of VBDs. As such, many VBD control strategies rely primarily on, 1) vector control methods through the use of pesticides, habitat management, and/or biological control, and 2) bite reduction methods through the use of repellants, protective clothing, and/or barrier-nets. However, for many arthropod vector species, fundamental information regarding their biological/ecological traits still remains unknown, thus limiting the establishment of effective vector control strategies in affected/risk prone areas. Therefore, further research on vector ecology/control is needed.

This special issue invites all VBD researchers to contribute latest research or review articles that focus on the ecology and control of arthropod disease vectors. Vector control studies that demonstrate novel approaches to reduce vector populations and vector ecology studies that help inform vector control activities are particularly welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) VBDs transmitted through mosquitoes, biting midges, sand flies, ticks, and others.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Dinesh Erram
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • vector-borne diseases
  • hematophagous arthropods
  • vector ecology
  • vector control
  • pesticides
  • habitat
 

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 1608 KiB  
Article
Host Associations of Culicoides Biting Midges in Northeastern Kansas, USA
by Bethany L. McGregor and Aaron Lewis
Animals 2023, 13(15), 2504; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13152504 - 3 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1554
Abstract
Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous flies that transmit several viruses of veterinary concern to livestock. Understanding blood feeding behaviors is integral towards identification of putative vector species and preventing the transmission of these pathogens. PCR-based blood meal analysis was conducted on [...] Read more.
Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous flies that transmit several viruses of veterinary concern to livestock. Understanding blood feeding behaviors is integral towards identification of putative vector species and preventing the transmission of these pathogens. PCR-based blood meal analysis was conducted on 440 blood-engorged Culicoides midges collected in northeastern Kansas, with 316 (71.8%) returning non-human vertebrate identifications at the ≥95% identity match level. Broadly, Culicoides sonorensis, Culicoides stellifer, and Culicoides variipennis were found to feed heavily on mammalian hosts, while Culicoides crepuscularis and Culicoides haematopotus fed on avian hosts. The blood meals in all specimens were graded prior to DNA extraction to determine whether blood meal size or digestion status significantly impacted the likelihood of a quality host match. Size had a significant impact on the likelihood of a quality match at grades 3–5, whereas digestion only significantly impacted outcomes at the most extreme grade. These vector–host dynamics have not previously been studied in Culicoides collected in Kansas, which represents a unique tallgrass prairie biome within the United States that is heavily interspersed with livestock operations. Based on these data, the highly abundant species C. crepuscularis and C. haematopotus are unlikely to be major vectors of mammalian viruses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vector-Borne Diseases and Vector Control Strategies in Animals)
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