Bacterial Resistome and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Infectious Diseases

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics in Animal Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 1350

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
Interests: small animal; Veterinary Medicine
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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
Interests: chemotherapy; drug resistance; wild birds; antiparasitic drugs; enterobacteria
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Sp Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
Interests: coronaviruses; viral enteritis; respiratory and genital diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The bacterial resistome refers to the collective genes within a bacterial population responsible for antibiotic resistance. These genes can be located on the bacterial chromosome or on plasmids, which are small, circular pieces of DNA that can be transferred between bacteria. The resistome includes genes that encode for various mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, such as efflux pumps that can pump antibiotics out of the cell, enzymes that can modify or degrade antibiotics, and mutations in antibiotic target sites that render antibiotics ineffective.

Antibiotic resistance is a growing concern in veterinary medicine, as is also the case in human medicine. Antibiotics are commonly used in veterinary medicine to treat bacterial infections in animals, and the overuse as well as misuse of antibiotics can lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Animals infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria may require more intensive treatment and may be at a higher risk of developing complications or experiencing prolonged illness. Furthermore, there is a risk that antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be transmitted from animals to humans through direct contact or the consumption of contaminated food products. This can make it more difficult to treat human infections and lead to more severe public health concerns. Understanding the bacterial resistome is essential for developing strategies with which to combat antibiotic resistance, such as developing antibiotics or alternative treatments that target the resistance mechanisms.

"Antibiotics" is a multidisciplinary journal encompassing biochemistry, chemistry, genetics, microbiology, and pharmacology. Scientists are encouraged to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. The evaluation of the resistome, therefore, seems to be one of the most current topics for the compression of antibiotic resistance.

Dr. Paolo Capozza
Dr. Nicola Pugliese
Prof. Dr. Maria Tempesta
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • bacterial resistome
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • animal Infectious diseases
  • veterinary medicine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

36 pages, 1546 KiB  
Review
Acquired Bacterial Resistance to Antibiotics and Resistance Genes: From Past to Future
by Michela Galgano, Francesco Pellegrini, Elisabetta Catalano, Loredana Capozzi, Laura Del Sambro, Alessio Sposato, Maria Stella Lucente, Violetta Iris Vasinioti, Cristiana Catella, Amienwanlen Eugene Odigie, Maria Tempesta, Annamaria Pratelli and Paolo Capozza
Antibiotics 2025, 14(3), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14030222 - 21 Feb 2025
Viewed by 771
Abstract
The discovery, commercialization, and regular administration of antimicrobial agents have revolutionized the therapeutic paradigm, making it possible to treat previously untreatable and fatal infections. However, the excessive use of antibiotics has led to develop resistance soon after their use in clinical practice, to [...] Read more.
The discovery, commercialization, and regular administration of antimicrobial agents have revolutionized the therapeutic paradigm, making it possible to treat previously untreatable and fatal infections. However, the excessive use of antibiotics has led to develop resistance soon after their use in clinical practice, to the point of becoming a global emergency. The mechanisms of bacterial resistance to antibiotics are manifold, including mechanisms of destruction or inactivation, target site modification, or active efflux, and represent the main examples of evolutionary adaptation for the survival of bacterial species. The acquirement of new resistance mechanisms is a consequence of the great genetic plasticity of bacteria, which triggers specific responses that result in mutational adaptation, acquisition of genetic material, or alteration of gene expression, virtually producing resistance to all currently available antibiotics. Understanding resistance processes is critical to the development of new antimicrobial agents to counteract drug-resistant microorganisms. In this review, both the mechanisms of action of antibiotic resistance (AMR) and the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) mainly found in clinical and environmental bacteria will be reviewed. Furthermore, the evolutionary background of multidrug-resistant bacteria will be examined, and some promising elements to control or reduce the emergence and spread of AMR will be proposed. Full article
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