Clinical Guidelines and Real Practice of Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotics Use and Antimicrobial Stewardship".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 463

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
Interests: adverse drug reaction; drug-drug interaction; patient adherence; antimicrobial resistance; clinical guidelines
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Clinical guidelines for antimicrobial pharmacotherapy are crucial tools that are based on extensive research, expert consensus, and clinical trials for optimising the treatment of infections. They outline the best practices for selecting effective drugs, appropriate dosing, and treatment duration in order to standardise treatment, minimise antimicrobial resistance, and optimise drug efficacy and safety. However, the gap between these guidelines and real-world practice can be significant.

In clinical settings, variability in patient populations, comorbidities, and unique clinical scenarios necessitate deviations from standardised protocols. Clinicians may also face limitations such as drug availability, patient allergies, the pressure to prescribe quickly to address patient concerns, or limited access to diagnostic testing. Additionally, the dynamic nature of microbial resistance patterns requires the continuous adaptation of prescribed therapies, which is sometimes beyond the scope of existing guidelines.

Therefore, while clinical guidelines are a critical foundation for antimicrobial therapy, real-world practice demands a flexible, individualised approach. Clinicians must balance adherence to guidelines with the nuanced needs of their patients, thereby ensuring effective treatment and mitigating the development of resistance.

Indeed, tailoring guidelines to consider regional factors and implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs that promote responsible prescribing can optimise antibiotic use in real-world settings.

Accordingly, I invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Antibiotics, titled “Clinical Guidelines and Real Practice of Antimicrobial Pharmacotherapy”.

Dr. Darko Modun
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • adverse drug reaction
  • patient adherence
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • clinical guidelines
  • clinical settings
  • regional factors
  • pharmacotherapy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 572 KiB  
Article
Epidemiology and Impact of Anti-Pneumococcal Vaccination and COVID-19 on Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Causing Invasive Disease in Piedmont, Italy
by Alessandro Bondi, Emanuele Koumantakis, Antonio Curtoni, Anna Maria Barbui, Marco Peradotto, Daniela Lombardi, Roberto Casale, Silvia Alizzi, Elisa Zanotto, Lorena Charrier, Rossana Cavallo and Cristina Costa
Antibiotics 2024, 13(8), 740; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13080740 - 6 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Background: The international surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) reports S. pneumoniae as one of leading causes of death associated with AMR. Against invasive disease, several vaccinations are available and a reduction in AMR in S. pneumoniae has been observed. Here, we evaluated the [...] Read more.
Background: The international surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) reports S. pneumoniae as one of leading causes of death associated with AMR. Against invasive disease, several vaccinations are available and a reduction in AMR in S. pneumoniae has been observed. Here, we evaluated the impact of anti-pneumococcal vaccination policy and the SARS-CoV2 outbreak on AMR in S. pneumoniae causing invasive disease. Methods: We collected all strains of S. pneumoniae causing invasive disease from 2008 in the Piedmont region (Italy). Each strain was typed in order to identify the serogroup and data about AMR were collected. The population under surveillance was classified as infants, children, adults, and the old population. Results: We collected n = 2076 S. pneumoniae strains, with 21.9% and 40.3% being resistant to penicillin G and erythromycin, respectively. We reported an increased risk of infection with penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae among all populations and evaluated whether the infection was caused by a serotype included in the vaccine formulation. A similar increase was observed after the SARS-CoV2 outbreak. Conclusions: In the Piedmont region, subsequently to the introduction of anti-pneumococcal vaccination, a significant increase in the risk of penicillin G-resistant invasive pneumococcal disease among infants and old population was reported. No significant impact was found for the SARS-CoV2 outbreak. Full article
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