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Antibiotics
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Epidemiology of Carbapenem Resistance in Clinical Gram-Negative Bacteria
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Epidemiology of Carbapenem Resistance in Clinical Gram-Negative Bacteria

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 August 2023) | Viewed by 2801

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Sorin Rugina

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Doctoral School of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanța, Aleea Universitații nr.1, 900470 Constanta, Romania
2. Romanian Academy of Scientists, Spl. Independentei 54, Romanian Academy of Medical Sciences, ulevardul Ion C. Bratianu 1, 030167 Bucuresti, Romania
Interests: infectious diseases; epidemiology; HIV; hepatitis; travel medicine
Prof. Dr. Irina Magdalena Dumitru

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania
2. Clinical Infectious Disease Hospital of Constanta, 900178 Constanta, Romania
Interests: infectious diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria has become a worldwide problem, causing a global epidemic that continues to grow. The 2017 World Health Organization (WHO) global priority list of pathogens ranks carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in the highest-priority category (critical). Defining the molecular mechanisms of resistance and applying insights about pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of antibiotics, in order to maximize the impact of old and new therapeutic approaches, should be the new paradigm in treating infections caused by CRE. A concerted effort is needed to establish the superiority of combination therapy vs. monotherapy, confirm the role of novel beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations as therapy against KPC- and OXA-48 producing Enterobacteriaceae, and evaluate new antibiotics active against CRE as they are introduced into the clinic. Advances in rapid diagnostic tests to improve the detection of carbapenem resistance and the use of large, population-based datasets to capture a greater proportion of carbapenem-resistant organisms can help us gain a better understanding of this urgent threat and enable physicians to select the most appropriate antibiotics. To address this global epidemic, identification and ongoing surveillance of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria are needed to continue.

Prof. Dr. Sorin Rugina
Prof. Dr. Irina Magdalena Dumitru
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Enterobacteriaceae carbapenems
  • beta-lactamase inhibitors
  • carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Acinetobacter baumannii

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 1524 KiB  
Article
Epidemiological Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance Changes of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii under the COVID-19 Outbreak: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis in a Large Teaching Hospital
by Xinyi Yang, Xu Liu, Weibin Li, Lin Shi, Yingchao Zeng, Haohai Xia, Qixian Huang, Jia Li, Xiaojie Li, Bo Hu and Lianping Yang
Antibiotics 2023, 12(3), 431; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12030431 - 22 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2306
Abstract
Background: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and resistance changes of carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) under the COVID-19 outbreak to provide evidence for precise prevention and control measures against hospital-acquired infections during the pandemic. Methods: The distribution characteristics of CROs (i.e., carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and [...] Read more.
Background: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and resistance changes of carbapenem-resistant organisms (CROs) under the COVID-19 outbreak to provide evidence for precise prevention and control measures against hospital-acquired infections during the pandemic. Methods: The distribution characteristics of CROs (i.e., carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii) were analyzed by collecting the results of the antibiotic susceptibility tests of diagnostic isolates from all patients. Using interrupted time series analysis, we applied Poisson and linear segmented regression models to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on the numbers and drug resistance of CROs. We also conducted a stratified analysis using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test. Results: The resistance rate of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) was 38.73% higher after the COVID-19 outbreak compared with before (p < 0.05). In addition, the long-term effect indicated that the prevalence of CRAB had a decreasing trend (p < 0.05). However, the overall resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae did not significantly change after the COVID-19 outbreak. Stratified analysis revealed that the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) rate increased in females (OR = 1.98, p < 0.05), those over 65 years old (OR = 1.49, p < 0.05), those with sputum samples (OR = 1.40, p < 0.05), and those in the neurology group (OR = 2.14, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the change in nosocomial infections and resistance rates in CROs, highlighting the need for hospitals to closely monitor CROs, especially in high-risk populations and clinical departments. It is possible that lower adherence to infection control in crowded wards and staffing shortages may have contributed to this trend during the COVID-19 pandemic, which warrants further research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Epidemiology of Carbapenem Resistance in Clinical Gram-Negative Bacteria)
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