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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Antibacterial Approaches to Reduce the Use of Antibiotics
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Antibacterial Approaches to Reduce the Use of Antibiotics

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanisms and Structural Biology of Antibiotic Action".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 February 2024) | Viewed by 14881

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Daniel M. Czyz

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
Interests: antibiotic resistance; antimicrobial resistance; bacteriophages; host-targeted antimicrobials; proteostasis; microbiota

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a slow-moving pandemic and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. While bacterial resistance continues to increase with the ongoing misuse of antibiotics, limited treatment options remain available, yet very few new antibiotics are being developed. As such, novel non-traditional antibacterial approaches that would reduce the use of antibiotics are much needed. This Special Issue of Antibiotics encourages the submission of original research papers, short communications, reviews, case reports, and perspectives that concentrate on but are not limited to:

  • Combination therapies;
  • Vaccines;
  • Bacteriophages;
  • Immunomodulators;
  • Host-targeted antibacterials;
  • Non-medical approaches to limit antibiotic use;
  • Gut microbiota modulation;
  • Inhibitors of resistance mechanisms.

The candidate submissions for this Special Issue must be written in the context of reducing antibiotic use.

Dr. Daniel M. Czyz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • host-targeted antimicrobials
  • immunomodulators
  • bacteriophages
  • biofilm disruptors
  • combination of drugs
  • antibiotics
  • alternative therapies

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 8127 KiB  
Article
Phage Cocktail in Combination with Kasugamycin as a Potential Treatment for Fire Blight Caused by Erwinia amylovora
by Sang-Guen Kim, Sung-Bin Lee, Su-Jin Jo, Kevin Cho, Jung-Kum Park, Jun Kwon, Sib Sankar Giri, Sang-Wha Kim, Jeong-Woo Kang, Won-Joon Jung, Young-Min Lee, Eunjung Roh and Se-Chang Park
Antibiotics 2022, 11(11), 1566; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111566 - 6 Nov 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2630
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing number of blight disease reports associated with Erwinia amylovora and Erwinia pyrifoliae in South Korea. Current management protocols that have been conducted with antibiotics have faced resistance problems and the outbreak has not decreased. Because of this [...] Read more.
Recently, there has been an increasing number of blight disease reports associated with Erwinia amylovora and Erwinia pyrifoliae in South Korea. Current management protocols that have been conducted with antibiotics have faced resistance problems and the outbreak has not decreased. Because of this concern, the present study aimed to provide an alternative method to control the invasive fire blight outbreak in the nation using bacteriophages (phages) in combination with an antibiotic agent (kasugamycin). Among 54 phage isolates, we selected five phages, pEa_SNUABM_27, 31, 32, 47, and 48, based on their bacteriolytic efficacy. Although only phage pEa_SNUABM_27 showed host specificity for E. amylovora, all five phages presented complementary lytic potential that improved the host infectivity coverage of each phage All the phages in the cocktail solution could lyse phage-resistant strains. These strains had a decreased tolerance to the antibiotic kasugamycin, and a synergistic effect of phages and antibiotics was demonstrated both in vitro and on immature wound-infected apples. It is noteworthy that the antibacterial effect of the phage cocktail or phage cocktail-sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of kasugamycin was significantly higher than the kasugamycin at the MIC. The selected phages were experimentally stable under environmental factors such as thermal or pH stress. Genomic analysis revealed these are novel Erwinia-infecting phages, and did not encode antibiotic-, virulence-, or lysogenic phage-related genes. In conclusion, we suggest the potential of the phage cocktail and kasugamycin combination as an effective strategy that would minimize the use of antibiotics, which are being excessively used in order to control fire blight pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Approaches to Reduce the Use of Antibiotics)
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Review

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18 pages, 1820 KiB  
Review
Current Promising Strategies against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infections
by Jinzhou Ye and Xinhai Chen
Antibiotics 2023, 12(1), 67; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12010067 - 30 Dec 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 5139
Abstract
Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are one of the major global health challenges of our time. In addition to developing new antibiotics to combat ARB, sensitizing ARB, or pursuing alternatives to existing antibiotics are promising options to counter antibiotic resistance. This review [...] Read more.
Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are one of the major global health challenges of our time. In addition to developing new antibiotics to combat ARB, sensitizing ARB, or pursuing alternatives to existing antibiotics are promising options to counter antibiotic resistance. This review compiles the most promising anti-ARB strategies currently under development. These strategies include the following: (i) discovery of novel antibiotics by modification of existing antibiotics, screening of small-molecule libraries, or exploration of peculiar places; (ii) improvement in the efficacy of existing antibiotics through metabolic stimulation or by loading a novel, more efficient delivery systems; (iii) development of alternatives to conventional antibiotics such as bacteriophages and their encoded endolysins, anti-biofilm drugs, probiotics, nanomaterials, vaccines, and antibody therapies. Clinical or preclinical studies show that these treatments possess great potential against ARB. Some anti-ARB products are expected to become commercially available in the near future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Approaches to Reduce the Use of Antibiotics)
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19 pages, 576 KiB  
Review
Impacts of Gut Microbiota on the Immune System and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as a Re-Emerging Therapy for Autoimmune Diseases
by Ashenafi Feyisa Beyi, Michael Wannemuehler and Paul J. Plummer
Antibiotics 2022, 11(8), 1093; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081093 - 12 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3065
Abstract
The enormous and diverse population of microorganisms residing in the digestive tracts of humans and animals influence the development, regulation, and function of the immune system. Recently, the understanding of the association between autoimmune diseases and gut microbiota has been improved due to [...] Read more.
The enormous and diverse population of microorganisms residing in the digestive tracts of humans and animals influence the development, regulation, and function of the immune system. Recently, the understanding of the association between autoimmune diseases and gut microbiota has been improved due to the innovation of high-throughput sequencing technologies with high resolutions. Several studies have reported perturbation of gut microbiota as one of the factors playing a role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease, recurrent diarrhea due to Clostridioides difficile infections. Restoration of healthy gut microbiota by transferring fecal material from a healthy donor to a sick recipient, called fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), has resolved or improved symptoms of autoimmune diseases. This (re)emerging therapy was approved for the treatment of drug-resistant recurrent C. difficile infections in 2013 by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Numerous human and animal studies have demonstrated FMT has the potential as the next generation therapy to control autoimmune and other health problems. Alas, this new therapeutic method has limitations, including the risk of transferring antibiotic-resistant pathogens or transmission of genes from donors to recipients and/or exacerbating the conditions in some patients. Therefore, continued research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and to improve the efficacy and optimize the preparation of FMT for different disease conditions, and to tailor FMT to meet the needs in both humans and animals. The prospect of FMT therapy includes shifting from the current practice of using the whole fecal materials to the more aesthetic transfer of selective microbial consortia assembled in vitro or using their metabolic products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Approaches to Reduce the Use of Antibiotics)
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18 pages, 388 KiB  
Review
What Are the Potential Benefits of Using Bacteriophages in Periodontal Therapy?
by Jan Kowalski, Renata Górska, Martyna Cieślik, Andrzej Górski and Ewa Jończyk-Matysiak
Antibiotics 2022, 11(4), 446; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11040446 - 25 Mar 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3216
Abstract
Periodontitis, which may result in tooth loss, constitutes both a serious medical and social problem. This pathology, if not treated, can contribute to the development of, among others, pancreatic cancer, cardiovascular diseases or Alzheimer’s disease. The available treatment methods are expensive but not [...] Read more.
Periodontitis, which may result in tooth loss, constitutes both a serious medical and social problem. This pathology, if not treated, can contribute to the development of, among others, pancreatic cancer, cardiovascular diseases or Alzheimer’s disease. The available treatment methods are expensive but not always fully effective. For this reason, the search for and isolation of bacteriophages specific to bacterial strains causing periodontitis seems to be a great opportunity to target persistent colonization by bacterial pathogens and lower the use of antibiotics consequently limiting further development of antibiotic resistance. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) constitutes a growing challenge in periodontal therapy as resistant pathogens may be isolated from more than 70% of patients with periodontitis. The aim of this review is to present the perspective of phage application in the prevention and/or treatment of periodontitis alongside its complicated multifactorial aetiology and emphasize the challenges connecting composition and application of effective phage preparation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial Approaches to Reduce the Use of Antibiotics)
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