Nanoantioxidants―3rd Edition

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 1290

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Gobetti 83, 40129 Bologna, Italy
Interests: nanoantioxidants; methods to measure antioxidant activity; mechanistic aspects of antioxidant activity; computational chemistry; kinetics of radical reactions
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Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Interests: mitochondrial bioenergetics; mitochondrial electron transfer chain; ROS; coenzyme Q

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

One of the most exciting areas of research in the field of antioxidants is the use of natural and synthetic nanomaterials. Biocompatible nanomaterials derived from natural sources, such as metal oxides, melanins, and lignin nanoparticles, have shown applicative potential as low-toxicity radical scavengers. The ability to rapidly functionalize a nanoobject's surface opens up a number of intriguing applications, including targeting and solubility modulation.

The mechanisms of action of the nanoantioxidants identified to date include the inactivation of reactive oxygen species through radical quenching and/or SOD, CAT, and GPx-like activity. This activity may result from the covalent binding of small-molecule antioxidants to the surface of the nanomaterial, or it may be intrinsic (as in the case of CeO2 nanoparticles). By absorbing UV-vis light, nanomaterials can also protect against photoinitiation, which in turn reduces lipid peroxidation. The use of nanocarriers (lipid particles, nanocapsules, nanotubes, etc.) to enhance the solubility and sustained release of small-molecule antioxidants is another crucial area that is expanding exponentially.

Their unique properties, including enhanced efficacy, targeted delivery, sustained release, and improved stability, make nanoantioxidants valuable tools in biomedical research and therapeutic development, and represent a promising avenue in biochemistry able to tackle oxidative stress and associated diseases.

This Special Issue, compiling the most recent findings regarding the radical chemistry of nano-antioxidants, will pay particular attention to the following, non-exhaustive list of topics:

  1. Chemical aspects of the preparation of novel nanomaterials having antioxidant activity;
  2. Radical quenching by nanomaterials;
  3. Nanocarriers or nanocapsules for targeted transport and controlled release of antioxidants;
  4. Biomimetic methods for measuring the efficacy of nanoantioxidants;
  5. Biomedical applications of nanoantioxidants.

Dr. Riccardo Amorati
Dr. Christian Bergamini
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nanoparticles
  • nanomaterial
  • radical
  • antioxidant
  • melanin
  • nanoceria
  • peroxidation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2897 KiB  
Article
Highly Water-Dispersed Natural Fullerenes Coated with Pluronic Polymers as Novel Nanoantioxidants for Enhanced Antioxidant Activity
by Hyeryeon Oh, Jin Sil Lee, Panmo Son, Jooyoung Sim, Min Hee Park, Young Eun Bang, Daekyung Sung, Jong-Min Lim and Won Il Choi
Antioxidants 2024, 13(10), 1240; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13101240 - 15 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Fullerene is a cosmic material with a buckyball-like structure comprising 60 carbon atoms. It has attracted significant interest because of its outstanding antioxidant, antiviral, and antibacterial properties. Natural fullerene (NC60) in shungite meets the demand of biomedical fields to scavenge reactive oxygen species [...] Read more.
Fullerene is a cosmic material with a buckyball-like structure comprising 60 carbon atoms. It has attracted significant interest because of its outstanding antioxidant, antiviral, and antibacterial properties. Natural fullerene (NC60) in shungite meets the demand of biomedical fields to scavenge reactive oxygen species in many diseases. However, its hydrophobicity and poor solubility in water hinder its use as an antioxidant. In this study, highly water-dispersed and stable Pluronic-coated natural fullerene nanoaggregates (NC60/Plu) were prepared from various Pluronic polymers. The water dispersity and stability of NC60 were compared and optimized based on the characteristics of Pluronic polymers including F68, F127, L35, P123, and L81. In particular, NC60 coated with Pluronic F127 at a weight ratio of 1 to 5 showed excellent antioxidant effects both in situ and in vitro. This suggests that the high solubilization of NC60 in Pluronic polymers increases its chance of interacting with reactive oxygen radicals and improves radical scavenging activity. Thus, the optimized NC60/PF127 may be a novel biocompatible antioxidant for treating various diseases associated with oxidative stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoantioxidants―3rd Edition)
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13 pages, 2343 KiB  
Article
Phytochemical-Based Nanoantioxidants Stabilized with Polyvinylpyrrolidone for Enhanced Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities
by Hyeryeon Oh, Jin Sil Lee, Hyojung Park, Panmo Son, Byoung Seung Jeon, Sang Soo Lee, Daekyung Sung, Jong-Min Lim and Won Il Choi
Antioxidants 2024, 13(9), 1056; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091056 - 30 Aug 2024
Viewed by 540
Abstract
Despite the inhibitory effect of phytoncide (Pht) on food-borne pathogenic bacterial growth, the hydrophobic nature and susceptibility to biodegradation under physiological conditions limits its applications. Here, we developed Pht-loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) micelles (Pht@PVP MC) via micelle packing. Pht was solubilized using different types [...] Read more.
Despite the inhibitory effect of phytoncide (Pht) on food-borne pathogenic bacterial growth, the hydrophobic nature and susceptibility to biodegradation under physiological conditions limits its applications. Here, we developed Pht-loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) micelles (Pht@PVP MC) via micelle packing. Pht was solubilized using different types of PVP as micellar vehicles. The as-prepared Pht@PVP MCs were characterized using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The sizes of the Pht@PVP MCs were controlled from 301 ± 51 to 80 ± 3 nm by adjusting the PVP content. The polydispersity index of Pht@PVP MC was between 0.21 ± 0.03 and 0.16 ± 0.04, indicating homogeneous size. A colony-counting method was employed to evaluate the improvement in antibacterial activity after Pht encapsulation in PVP micelles. The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging activity and anti-inflammatory efficacy of Pht@PVP MC were analyzed in a concentration range of 10–100 μg/mL by evaluating in vitro ROS and nitric oxide levels using DCFDA and Griess reagents. PVP with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties improved the aqueous solubility of Pht and stabilized it via steric hindrance. Higher-molecular-weight PVP at higher concentrations resulted in a smaller hydrodynamic diameter of Pht@PVP MC with uniform size distribution. The spherical Pht@PVP MC maintained its size and polydispersity index in a biological buffer for 2 weeks. Pht@PVP MC exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity compared to bare Pht. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus was effectively inhibited by Pht@PVP MC treatment. Furthermore, biocompatible Pht@PVP MC exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Overall, Pht@PVP MC is an effective alternative to synthetic antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory chemicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoantioxidants―3rd Edition)
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