Vitamins, Antioxidants, and Neurodegeneration: Exploring Protective Strategies in Brain Health

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2026 | Viewed by 806

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: clinical biochemistry; biomarkers; neuroimmunology; cytokines; COVID; nutrition; vitamin D; inflammation; neuroscience; neurodegenerative diseases; CSF indexes; blood morphology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), represent a growing global health challenge, particularly in aging populations. These conditions are characterized by the progressive loss of neuronal structure and function, leading to cognitive decline, motor impairments, and, ultimately, a significant reduction in the quality of life. Despite decades of research, the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration remain incompletely understood, and effective therapeutic strategies are still limited.

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the potential roles of vitamins and antioxidants in mitigating the processes that drive neurodegeneration. Vitamins, such as vitamin E, vitamin D, and the B-complex vitamins, have been shown to play critical roles in maintaining neuronal health, modulating inflammation, and supporting metabolic functions. Similarly, antioxidants, including glutathione, coenzyme Q10, and polyphenols, are known to combat oxidative stress—a key contributor to neuronal damage and cell death in neurodegenerative diseases.

This Special Issue, titled "Vitamins, Antioxidants, and Neurodegeneration: Exploring Protective Strategies in Brain Health", aims to bring together cutting-edge research and reviews that explore the interplay between these essential nutrients and neurodegenerative processes. We invite contributions that investigate the molecular mechanisms by which vitamins and antioxidants exert their protective effects, as well as clinical studies evaluating their potential as preventive or therapeutic agents. By fostering a deeper understanding of these relationships, we hope to pave the way for novel interventions that can improve brain health and combat the devastating impact of neurodegenerative diseases.

We welcome original research articles, reviews, and perspectives that address topics such as the following:

  • The role of vitamins in modulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
  • The impact of antioxidants on mitochondrial function and neuronal survival.
  • Clinical trials investigating the efficacy of vitamin and antioxidant supplementation in neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Novel delivery systems for enhancing the bioavailability of neuroprotective nutrients.
  • The interplay between diet, genetics, and environmental factors in neurodegeneration.
  • Through this collection of work, we aim to highlight the latest advancements in the field and inspire further research into the potential of vitamins and antioxidants as powerful tools in the fight against neurodegeneration.

Dr. Maria Morello
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • neurodegenerative diseases
  • alzheimer's disease
  • parkinson's disease
  • amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
  • aging populations
  • vitamins
  • antioxidants
  • oxidative stress
  • neuroinflammation

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

24 pages, 1170 KB  
Review
Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis Disruption, Neuroinflammation, and Potential Antioxidant-Based Treatments in Metabolic Diseases
by Jazmín Carro-Rodríguez, Gabriela Ibáñez-Cervantes, Noemí Cárdenas-Rodríguez, Iván Ignacio-Mejía, Exsal Manuel Albores-Méndez, Blanca Rosalba Pardo-Pacheco, Verónica Fernández-Sánchez, Ana María Balboa-Verduzco, Cecilia Adame, Eleazar Lara-Padilla, Javier Mancilla-Ramírez, Roberto Medina-Santillán, Macarena Montoya-Olvera, Alfredo Leonardo Cortes-Algara, Saúl Gómez-Manzo, Beatriz Hernández-Ochoa, Heliodoro Moya-Amaya and Cindy Bandala
Antioxidants 2026, 15(4), 522; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox15040522 - 21 Apr 2026
Viewed by 427
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are strongly associated with chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which disrupt the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis and promote neuroinflammation. Dysbiosis favors the release of proinflammatory metabolites, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), increasing intestinal permeability and triggering systemic immune responses [...] Read more.
Metabolic diseases are strongly associated with chronic systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, which disrupt the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis and promote neuroinflammation. Dysbiosis favors the release of proinflammatory metabolites, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), increasing intestinal permeability and triggering systemic immune responses that reach the central nervous system (CNS) through a weakened blood–brain barrier (BBB). This review summarizes current knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms linking the MGB axis, metabolic disorders, and neuroinflammation, as well as the therapeutic potential of antioxidants. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect and included original research articles, reviews, clinical trials, and meta-analyses related to microbiota, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and antioxidant interventions. Evidence indicates that dysbiosis exacerbates metabolic dysfunction by activating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathways, while excessive ROS production impairs mitochondrial function, neuronal survival, and cognitive processes. Antioxidant strategies, including polyphenols, omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, vitamins C and E, and probiotics, can restore microbial diversity, reinforce intestinal and BBB integrity, and modulate oxidative and inflammatory signaling. In conclusion, supplements and bacteria with antioxidant properties show promising therapeutic effects by targeting oxidative stress mechanisms involved in metabolic diseases and their pathological consequences, such as dysbiosis and neuroinflammation. Full article
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