Applied Sciences

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Dr. Shang Gao

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Guest Editor

School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
Interests: ultra-precision machining; nanomechanics; surface science; mechanical characterization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hard and brittle materials, such as semiconductors, advanced ceramics, and optical glass, are widely applied in aerospace, electronic devices, and biomedicine. Hard and brittle material machining technology is an indispensable aspect in modern manufacturing, playing a crucial role in enhancing product performance and quality. This Special Issue aims to gather the latest research on the hard and brittle material machining processes, providing new insights and prospects for academia and industry. Importantly, the novel abrasive tool and ultrasonic technology have brought great progress in the processing efficiency and quality for hard and brittle materials. Moreover, the emergence of multi-field composite techniques provides new possibilities for achieving a high-precision surface on hard and brittle materials. Despite challenges encompassing material fracture, residual stresses, and subsurface damage, we possess the confidence to propel hard and brittle material machining toward a more promising future. We sincerely welcome researchers to submit innovative works related to hard and brittle material machining processes, and jointly promote the advancement and application of this field.

Dr. Shang Gao
Guest Editor

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Keywords

hard and brittle materials
abrasive machining
laser-assisted machining
ultrasonic machining
multi-field
removal mechanism
brittle–ductile transitions
molecular dynamics
multiscale model
surface damage

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 11113 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Wheel Path in Raster Grinding on Surface Accuracy of an Off-Axis Parabolic Mirror

by Jianhe Li, Honggang Li, Xiaoguang Guo, Renke Kang and Shang Gao

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(19), 11096; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131911096 - 9 Oct 2023

Viewed by 775

Abstract

Off-axis parabolic mirrors have extensive applications in X-ray optics, with the precision of their curvature directly impacting grazing-incidence focusing performance. Notably, the off-axis parabolic surface has non-rotating and non-symmetrical characteristics. Ultra-precision raster grinding utilizing a diamond wheel is a common method. Crucially, establishing an optimal wheel path stands as the key to ensuring surface accuracy during off-axis paraboloid grinding. In this study, according to the double curvature property of an off-axis parabolic surface, two different wheel paths were compared: one tracing the meridian direction (parabolic generatrix) and the other following the arc vector direction (arc). The results showed that the wheel path in raster grinding stepping along the arc vector direction can obtain a smaller scallop height and higher surface accuracy. The surface accuracy of one step along the arc vector direction is 9.6 μm, and that of the other step along the meridian direction is 32.6 μm. A model of the scallop height was established based on the relative relationship between adjacent wheel paths, and the error is within 5%. According to the correlation between scallop height and shape error, we conducted an analysis of the spatial distribution of shape errors under varying wheel paths. The wheel path that steps along the arc vector is more suitable for raster grinding of the off-axis paraboloid. The above study can provide theoretical guidance for the wheel path planning of off-axis parabolic mirrors with high surface accuracy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Machining Process for Hard and Brittle Materials)

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25 pages, 9121 KiB

Open AccessArticle

WASPAS Based Multi Response Optimization in Hard Turning of AISI 52100 Steel under ZnO Nanofluid Assisted Dual Nozzle Pulse-MQL Environment

by Saswat Khatai, Ramanuj Kumar, Amlana Panda and Ashok Kumar Sahoo

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(18), 10062; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810062 - 6 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2062

Abstract

Hard turning is an emerging machining technology that evolved as a substitute for grinding in the production of precision parts from hardened steel. It offers advantages such as reduced cycle times, lower costs, and environmental benefits over grinding. Hard turning is stated to be difficult because of the high hardness of the workpiece material, which causes higher tool wear, cutting temperature, surface roughness, and cutting force. In this work, a dual-nozzle minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) system’s performance assessment of ZnO nano-cutting fluid in the hard turning of AISI 52100 bearing steel is examined. The objective is to evaluate the ZnO nano-cutting fluid’s impacts on flank wear, surface roughness, cutting temperature, cutting power consumption, and cutting noise. The tool flank wear was traced to be very low (0.027 mm to 0.095 mm) as per the hard turning concern. Additionally, the data acquired are statistically analyzed using main effects plots, interaction plots, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Moreover, a novel Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) optimization tool was implemented to select the optimal combination of input parameters. The following optimal input variables were found: depth of cut = 0.3 mm, feed = 0.05 mm/rev, cutting speed = 210 m/min, and flow rate = 50 mL/hr. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Machining Process for Hard and Brittle Materials)

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