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Applied Sciences
Special Issues
Sustainable Maritime Transport and Ports: Challenges and Opportunities
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Sustainable Maritime Transport and Ports: Challenges and Opportunities

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 2759

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Elen Twrdy

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Maritime Studies and Transport, University of Ljubljana, Pot Pomorščakov 4, 6320 Portorož, Slovenia
Interests: transportation; transport planning; transportation planning; maritime logistics, sustainable transport; seaports and maritime transport; port planning and management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Elena Cocuzza

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
Interests: transport models integrated in GIS environments for the accessibility and management of port systems; seaports and maritime transport; port planning; transport planning; maritime logistics; port–city interactions; sustainable mobility
Prof. Dr. Matteo Ignaccolo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 64, 95123 Catania, Italy
Interests: transportation; transport planning; transport management; transport economics; transportation planning; sustainable transport; seaports and maritime transport; port planning and management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

At a time of growing environmental awareness, our Special Issue focuses on the central theme of "Sustainable Shipping and Ports: Challenges and Opportunities". The goal of this Issue is to highlight the many aspects of sustainable shipping, green ports, port–city relationships, and new technologies at terminals, and to examine the pressing challenges facing the industry while highlighting a variety of opportunities for positive change.

This Special Issue brings together a variety of perspectives, research findings, and solutions, from the urgent need to reduce emissions and increase energy efficiency in maritime transport to the complexities of implementing green ports. It explores the latest innovations in green ports, terminal technologies, alternative fuels, electric ships, digitalization, and smart ports and offers new insights into how these developments can advance maritime sustainability.

This Special Issue serves as a platform for knowledge sharing, research summaries, and innovative ideas and provides hope for a more sustainable maritime future.

We invite researchers to contribute their expertise on this important topic.

Prof. Dr. Elen Twrdy
Dr. Elena Cocuzza
Prof. Dr. Matteo Ignaccolo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable shipping
  • green ports
  • port–city relationships
  • emissions
  • structural changes

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 10911 KiB  
Article
A Comprehensive Analysis of Structural Alternatives and Local Opening for a 2000 TEU Green Methanol-Powered Container Vessel
by Arturo Silva-Campillo and Francisco Pérez-Arribas
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 2810; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14072810 - 27 Mar 2024
Viewed by 623
Abstract
In the context of global trade and environmental concerns, this research focuses on examining the influence of the principal dimensions of a container feeder vessel whose propulsion has been modified to operate with green methanol. Methanol emerges as a sustainable marine fuel, reducing [...] Read more.
In the context of global trade and environmental concerns, this research focuses on examining the influence of the principal dimensions of a container feeder vessel whose propulsion has been modified to operate with green methanol. Methanol emerges as a sustainable marine fuel, reducing emissions and dependence on fossil fuels. The study comprehensively examines the structural challenges posed by container ships, with a particular focus on torsional stresses and hydroelasticity effects. A significant novelty of this study is the inclusion of a comparative structural analysis evaluating how changes in the vessel’s main dimensions impact its structural response. This analysis sheds some light on crucial insights into the effects of structural modifications required for accommodating these changes, ensuring the structural strength of these vessels. The research also underscores the impact of permanent and transient springing and whipping phenomena on fatigue damage. The study’s significance lies in its role in the ongoing transition to sustainable maritime transportation, as it not only examines structural challenges but also provides solutions for achieving an optimal structural configuration in this new era of environmental responsibility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Maritime Transport and Ports: Challenges and Opportunities)
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15 pages, 322 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Port Total Factor Productivity on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Port Cities: Evidence from the Yangtze River Ports
by Xingong Ding and Yong-Jae Choi
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(6), 2406; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14062406 - 13 Mar 2024
Viewed by 654
Abstract
This paper investigates the relationship between port productivity and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in port cities. The study initially employs the global Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to measure productivity growth in 16 major inland ports along the Yangtze River, obtaining data [...] Read more.
This paper investigates the relationship between port productivity and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in port cities. The study initially employs the global Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to measure productivity growth in 16 major inland ports along the Yangtze River, obtaining data on the ports’ total factor productivity (TFP). Through an analysis using the panel data model with two-way fixed effects, we find a positive correlation between the improvement of port TFP and the increase in CO2 emissions in port cities. Further panel quantile regression analysis reveals the heterogeneity of this impact, especially in cities with medium and higher CO2 emissions, where the positive effects of TFP on carbon emissions are particularly significant. The study also indicates a threshold effect of port size in the relationship between TFP and CO2 emissions: in smaller ports, the impact of TFP improvement on CO2 emissions is less significant; however, once the port size exceeds a certain threshold, the growth in TFP significantly promotes an increase in CO2 emissions. These findings provide theoretical justification and decision-making references for policymakers to adopt effective measures to mitigate the growth of CO2 emissions while promoting the efficiency of port production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Maritime Transport and Ports: Challenges and Opportunities)
19 pages, 5944 KiB  
Article
Impact of the New International Land–Sea Transport Corridor on Port Competition between Neighboring Countries Based on a Spatial Duopoly Model
by Chuanying Liu, Houming Fan, Hongzhi Miao, Hao Fan and Xiang Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(5), 1857; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14051857 - 23 Feb 2024
Viewed by 660
Abstract
The development of international land–sea transport corridors has provided more convenient access to the sea for inland areas and promoted the improvement of transportation efficiency, environmental improvement, and the strengthening of international cooperation. However, the construction of international land–sea transport corridors has also [...] Read more.
The development of international land–sea transport corridors has provided more convenient access to the sea for inland areas and promoted the improvement of transportation efficiency, environmental improvement, and the strengthening of international cooperation. However, the construction of international land–sea transport corridors has also intensified competition among the ports, which has extended from the local and regional to the national and even international levels. This paper explores the impact of international land–sea transport corridors on oligopolistic port competition between neighboring countries using the Hotelling model. By setting up the utility of the shipper’s port selection, the equilibrium price, market share, and profit of duopoly ports in neighboring countries are analyzed under different conditions of cross-border land transportation and maritime transportation. It is found that the high cross-border transportation cost of the international land–sea transport corridor is not conducive to increasing the market share of the overseas oligopolistic ports in the region. If the maritime transportation cost of overseas oligopoly ports is too high compared with domestic oligopoly ports, it will offset the land transport advantages brought by international land–sea transport corridors. The findings in this paper could provide support for strategic decision making in port markets and cross-border transport corridor development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Maritime Transport and Ports: Challenges and Opportunities)
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Review

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35 pages, 1159 KiB  
Review
Harnessing AI for Sustainable Shipping and Green Ports: Challenges and Opportunities
by Irmina Durlik, Tymoteusz Miller, Ewelina Kostecka, Adrianna Łobodzińska and Tomasz Kostecki
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(14), 5994; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14145994 - 9 Jul 2024
Viewed by 332
Abstract
The maritime industry, responsible for moving approximately 90% of the world’s goods, significantly contributes to environmental pollution, accounting for around 2.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in promoting sustainability within the maritime sector, focusing [...] Read more.
The maritime industry, responsible for moving approximately 90% of the world’s goods, significantly contributes to environmental pollution, accounting for around 2.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in promoting sustainability within the maritime sector, focusing on shipping and port operations. By addressing emissions, optimizing energy use, and enhancing operational efficiency, AI offers transformative potential for reducing the industry’s environmental impact. This review highlights the application of AI in fuel optimization, predictive maintenance, route planning, and smart energy management, alongside its role in autonomous shipping and logistics management. Case studies from Maersk Line and the Port of Rotterdam illustrate successful AI implementations, demonstrating significant improvements in fuel efficiency, emission reduction, and environmental monitoring. Despite challenges such as high implementation costs, data privacy concerns, and regulatory complexities, the prospects for AI in the maritime industry are promising. Continued advancements in AI technologies, supported by collaborative efforts and public–private partnerships, can drive substantial progress towards a more sustainable and efficient maritime industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Maritime Transport and Ports: Challenges and Opportunities)
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