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Applied Sciences
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Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Substances: Novel Advances and Applications
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Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Substances: Novel Advances and Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 3599

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Angela Di Somma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia 4, 80126 Napoli, Italy
Interests: biochemistry; mass spectrometry; proteomic; nanoparticles; protein expression; live cell imaging; western blot analysis; protein purification; cloning; DNA extraction; bacterial cell culture; plasmid cloning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Angela Duilio

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Sciences, Università Federico II di Napoli, Vicinale Cupa Cintia 26, 20126 Naples, Italy
Interests: biologia molecolare; sistemi riparo DNA; molecular microbiology; biomolecule; antimicrobial peptides
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of new drugs able to counteract pathogenic microbes is crucial in many fields of application due to the large increase in drug-resistant bacterial strains.

The growing problem of resistance to conventional antibiotics and the need for new antibiotics has stimulated interest in the development of new possible human therapy. Much interest has been directed towards natural molecules or antimicrobial peptides. In this respect, the study of their mechanisms of action and the identification of their protein targets could increase their specificity and power of action, leaving pathogens exposed to antibiotic treatments.

This Special Issue will be dedicated not only to the study on new antimicrobial compounds, natural or synthetic, but also to studies on already-existing compounds to identify specific protein targets and develop new molecules with improved antimicrobial profiles.

Dr. Angela Di Somma
Prof. Dr. Angela Duilio
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • antimicrobial agents
  • natural compounds
  • antimicrobial peptides
  • protein targets
  • biochemistry approaches
  • proteomic techniques
  • pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1731 KiB  
Article
The Molecular Mechanisms of the Antibacterial Activity of Sumac (Rhus typhina L.) Tannin Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
by Magdalena Łomanowska, Ewa Olchowik-Grabarek, Krzysztof Czerkas, Nodira Abdulladjanova and Szymon Sękowski
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10728; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210728 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 328
Abstract
Treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa presents a challenge due to its ability to adapt and acquire drug resistance rapidly. Therefore, a key challenge is identifying and investigating new compounds with antibacterial and anti-virulence activity. Tannins, a group of plant polyphenolic compounds, [...] Read more.
Treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa presents a challenge due to its ability to adapt and acquire drug resistance rapidly. Therefore, a key challenge is identifying and investigating new compounds with antibacterial and anti-virulence activity. Tannins, a group of plant polyphenolic compounds, can interact with bacterial cells and their virulence factors. The purpose of this study was to assess the antibacterial potential of using 3,6-bis-O-di-O-galloyl-1,2,4-tri-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (C55H40O34) isolated from Rhus typhina against P. aeruginosa ATCC BAA-1744. The investigation involved viability analyses using the INT assay, fluorescence analyses of the tannins’ interaction with the cell membrane and membrane proteins of P. aeruginosa, and analysis of changes in the Zeta potential. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that C55H40O34 exhibits antimicrobial activity by inducing changes in the biophysical properties of P. aeruginosa’s cell membrane. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that C55H40O34 binds to bacterial membrane proteins through hydrophobic interactions. These interactions with proteins may impact their structure and disrupt their functions, such as disturbing or inhibiting the efflux pumps, which are part of P. aeruginosa’s resistance mechanisms. Therefore, C55H40O34 may be a new, natural agent and could potentially be used against P. aeruginosa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Substances: Novel Advances and Applications)
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22 pages, 1027 KiB  
Article
Synthesis and Biological Studies of New 2-Benzoxazolinone Derivatives as Antibacterial Agents
by Jūratė Šiugždaitė, Raimundas Lelešius, Birutė Grybaitė, Rita Vaickelionienė and Vytautas Mickevičius
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(11), 4783; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14114783 - 31 May 2024
Viewed by 707
Abstract
In the present study, new series of benzoxazolin-2-one linked to a variety of hydrazones and azoles were synthesized and assessed for their antibacterial properties against different bacterial microorganisms. All the synthesized target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and [...] Read more.
In the present study, new series of benzoxazolin-2-one linked to a variety of hydrazones and azoles were synthesized and assessed for their antibacterial properties against different bacterial microorganisms. All the synthesized target compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis as well. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated according to the bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against the tested pathogen strains by determining the minimum inhibition (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (MBC) concentrations and MBC/MIC ratios. The MIC was evaluated by the broth dilution and the MBC was evaluated by plating methods. The in vitro analysis suggested that some compounds, namely, amide, 5-chlorobenzimidazole, hydrazones with a 3-chloro substitution on the additional phenyl ring, and hydrazones with 2-furyl and 5-nitro-2-furyl substituents, demonstrated wide antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella Enteritidis. The most sensitive strains appeared to be Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive B. subtilis, while S. aureus showed some resistance. The most resistant pathogen was found to be S. enteritidis. The remaining compounds demonstrated moderate to low antibacterial potential. The research results have shown that benzoxazolinone-based derivatives are suitable for the development of a library of compounds and can be used in the future development of antibacterial drugs against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, which is of great importance in therapy practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Substances: Novel Advances and Applications)
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13 pages, 1880 KiB  
Article
Selected Useful Properties of Polylactide Films Containing Nisaplin and Natamax
by Agnieszka Richert, Katarzyna Dembińska, Natalia Hejda, Paulina Brzęcka, Magdalena Lewandowska and Maria Swiontek Brzezinska
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3754; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093754 - 28 Apr 2024
Viewed by 788
Abstract
In this article, we present polymer materials consisting of polylactide (PLA) and nisaplin (N), as well as PLA and natamax (X). These materials were obtained using the solvent method and tested by various test methods, i.e., functional properties—water vapor permeability, light transmission, gloss, [...] Read more.
In this article, we present polymer materials consisting of polylactide (PLA) and nisaplin (N), as well as PLA and natamax (X). These materials were obtained using the solvent method and tested by various test methods, i.e., functional properties—water vapor permeability, light transmission, gloss, and bactericidal activity against strains E. coli (ATCC 8739P), S. aureus (ATCC 65388), and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 8739). Furthermore, analyses were conducted to evaluate their efficacy against pathogenic fungi, including A. niger, A. flavus, A. glaucus, and A. versicolor. Mutagenicity analyses were performed using the standard Ames Test with Salmonella typhimurium. The main test methods used were ISO 22196, ISO 846. The results obtained confirm the potential suitability of the films of PLA with nisaplin and natamax for applications in the food packaging industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Substances: Novel Advances and Applications)
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20 pages, 1630 KiB  
Article
Novel Adamantane Derivatives: Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Properties
by Łukasz Popiołek, Wiktoria Janas, Anna Hordyjewska and Anna Biernasiuk
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3700; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093700 - 26 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1258
Abstract
Seventeen adamantane derivatives were synthesized according to facile condensation reaction protocols. Spectral analysis (1H NMR and 13C NMR) was applied to confirm the chemical structure of the obtained substances. The synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity against [...] Read more.
Seventeen adamantane derivatives were synthesized according to facile condensation reaction protocols. Spectral analysis (1H NMR and 13C NMR) was applied to confirm the chemical structure of the obtained substances. The synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and towards fungi from Candida spp. Among them, four derivatives numbered 9, 14, 15 and 19 showed the highest antibacterial potential with MIC = 62.5–1000 µg/mL with respect to all Gram-positive bacteria. S. epidermidis ATCC 12228 was the most susceptible among the tested bacterial strains and C. albicans ATCC 10231 among fungi. Additionally, the cytotoxicity for three derivatives was measured with the use of the MTT test on A549, T47D, L929 and HeLa cell lines. Our cytotoxicity studies confirmed that the tested substances did not cause statistically significant changes in cell proliferation within the range of the tested doses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Natural and Synthetic Antimicrobial Substances: Novel Advances and Applications)
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