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Smart Materials for a Green(er) Economy

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Sustainable Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 4345

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Guest Editor
Carinthia Institute for Smart Materials (CiSMAT), Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, Europastrasse 4, 9524 Villach, Austria
Interests: smart materials; green transition; applied physics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Smart materials can help to significantly reduce the environmental impact of manufactured products. Some, for example, can greatly reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning systems (e.g., phase change materials, or PCMs). Others, such as shape memory materials, reduce the complexity of systems and facilitate their recycling. Other examples include self-repairing fabrics, which can extend the life of products, and metamaterials, which allow a significant reduction in the weight of structures while maintaining a high level of performance.

The objective of this Special Issue is to give an overall perspective on the different families of smart materials which can significantly contribute to a greener economy and, more generally, to a greener world. It will include review papers as well as publications dedicated to the research and development of specific solutions based on these smart materials.

Prof. Dr. Pascal Nicolay and his collaborators at CiSMAT (Carinthia Institute for Smart Materials) want to use this SI to help raise awareness of the potential of smart materials for a greener economy. This series of papers should, in particular, enable a wide audience of researchers, engineers and designers to gain a better understanding of these materials and their potential applications, in order to enable them to develop ever more effective and environmentally friendly solutions.

Prof. Dr. Pascal Nicolay
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • smart materials
  • green economy
  • shape memory materials
  • self-healing materials
  • smart materials for structural health monitoring
  • phase-changing materials (PCMs)
  • lightweight structures
  • meta-materials
  • acoustic meta-surfaces
  • non-Newtonian fluids
  • compliant mechanisms
  • low complexity
  • “low-tech”
  • 3D-printing of smart materials

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 5263 KiB  
Article
Development of a Temperature Management System for Battery Packs Using Phase Change Materials and Additive Manufacturing Options
by Stephan M. Thaler, Josef Zwatz, Dominic Zettel, Robert Hauser and Roman Lackner
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(15), 8585; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13158585 - 26 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
The broad acceptance of electromobility depends heavily on the performance and service life of the battery technology used. Lithium-ion battery technology is currently the most promising energy storage technology for mobile applications, but the performance and capacity of the cells are extremely temperature [...] Read more.
The broad acceptance of electromobility depends heavily on the performance and service life of the battery technology used. Lithium-ion battery technology is currently the most promising energy storage technology for mobile applications, but the performance and capacity of the cells are extremely temperature sensitive. Especially in these new complex and powerful applications, there is a significant need for thermal management. Depending on the ambient conditions, part of the effective battery energy must, therefore, be used to temper the system. So far, mainly active components have been used for this task. This not only reduces the overall efficiency but also increases the weight, volume, and maintenance requirements of the system. In the present work, an alternative battery temperature management system was developed. A concept based on latent heat storage materials was created, which uses the advantages of thermal energy storage and the design freedom of additive manufacturing technology, and its suitability for use in battery applications was checked. On the one hand, the use of systems for storing thermal energy was researched and, on the other hand, an innovative cooling concept was created considering new production possibilities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for a Green(er) Economy)
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13 pages, 5992 KiB  
Article
Case Study on Secondary Building Materials for a Greener Economy
by Franz-Georg Simon and Ute Kalbe
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 6010; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13106010 - 13 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1069
Abstract
Half of global material consumption involves mineral material. The circularity is still low so that the enhanced use of secondary building material is required to close loops. Three different secondary building materials are discussed based on exemplary research results: construction and demolition waste [...] Read more.
Half of global material consumption involves mineral material. The circularity is still low so that the enhanced use of secondary building material is required to close loops. Three different secondary building materials are discussed based on exemplary research results: construction and demolition waste (C&D waste), soil-like material, and incineration bottom ash (IBA). Focus was placed on the environmental compatibility of the materials examined mainly by standardized leaching tests. C&D waste was investigated after a wet treatment using a jigging machine, and soil-like material and IBA were characterized with respect to their material composition. Their environmental compatibilities in particular were studied using standard leaching tests (batch tests and column tests). It was concluded that soil-like material can mostly be utilized even when the precautionary limit values set are exceeded by a factor of less than two. For C&D waste, the fine fraction below 2 mm and the content of brick material is problematic. IBA fulfills quality level “HMVA-2” following German regulations. Improved levels of utilization might be achievable with better treatment technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for a Green(er) Economy)
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Review

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19 pages, 4453 KiB  
Review
Smart Materials for Green(er) Cities, a Short Review
by Pascal Nicolay, Sandra Schlögl, Stephan Mark Thaler, Claude Humbert and Bernd Filipitsch
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(16), 9289; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169289 - 16 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
The transition to sustainable or green(er) cities requires the development and implementation of many innovative technologies. It is vital to ensure that these technologies are themselves as sustainable and green as possible. In this context, smart materials offer excellent prospects for application. They [...] Read more.
The transition to sustainable or green(er) cities requires the development and implementation of many innovative technologies. It is vital to ensure that these technologies are themselves as sustainable and green as possible. In this context, smart materials offer excellent prospects for application. They are capable of performing a number of tasks (e.g., repair, opening/closing, temperature measurement, storage and release of thermal energy) without embedded electronics or power supplies. In this short review paper, we present some of the most promising smart material-based technologies for sustainable or green(er) cities. We will briefly present the state-of-the-art in smart concrete for the structural health monitoring and self-healing of civil engineering structures, phase-change materials (PCM) for passive air-conditioning, shape-memory materials (SMA) for various green applications, and meta-surfaces for green acoustics. To better illustrate the potential of some of the solutions discussed in the paper, we present, where appropriate, our most recent experimental results (e.g., embedded SAW sensors for the Structural Health Monitoring of concrete structures). The main aim of this paper is to promote green solutions based on smart materials to engineers and scientists involved in R&D projects for green(er) cities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Smart Materials for a Green(er) Economy)
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