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Applied Sciences
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Novel Redox Biomaterials and Their Applications
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Novel Redox Biomaterials and Their Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 5896

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristina M. Cordas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, FCT NOVA, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
Interests: bioelectrochemistry; metalloproteins; new conducting materials; bioelectrochemical systems (BES)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, environmentally friendly and biocompatible redox biomaterials have been increasingly recognized as important tools contributing toward a more sustainable world, meeting the multiple goals of the UN 2030 Agenda. Novel redox biomaterials have arisen with applications in broad fields. Among the fields of applications are medicine for drug delivery and tissue repair, among other clinical uses, environmental sensing and remediation, “greener” industrial processes, energy/bioenergy production and storage, and electronics, among others. These new redox biomaterials, and their applications, have a huge potential to transform traditional materials, especially those based on high-cost rare element catalysts, and replace them with bio-based materials whose background comes from nature itself.

The Special Issue on “Novel Redox Biomaterials and Its Applications” aims to provide a broad coverage of the recent progresses in this field, calling attention to these fast-changing game materials. Contributions from researchers are expected to discuss all aspects of novel redox biomaterials, and especially in already suggested or future applications. The aim is to reach a multidisciplinary public and inspire use of the novel biomaterials for further applications.

Dr. Cristina M. Cordas
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biomaterials
  • nanomaterials
  • biological molecules
  • proteins and enzymes
  • biocatalysts
  • energy and bioenergy

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1271 KiB  
Article
Electrode Kinetics of Ion Jelly and Ion Sol-Gel Redox Materials on Screen-Printed Electrodes
by Rui N. L. Carvalho, Cristina M. Cordas and Luís J. P. da Fonseca
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(4), 2087; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12042087 - 17 Feb 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1848
Abstract
Several hydrogel materials have been proposed for drug delivery systems and other purposes as interfacial materials, such as components for fuel cells and immobilization of biomolecules. In the present work, two materials, an ion sol-gel, based on 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and an ion jelly [...] Read more.
Several hydrogel materials have been proposed for drug delivery systems and other purposes as interfacial materials, such as components for fuel cells and immobilization of biomolecules. In the present work, two materials, an ion sol-gel, based on 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and an ion jelly (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate) film deposited on carbon screen-printed electrodes, were electrochemically characterized. The electrode kinetics of ion jelly and ion sol-gel materials were compared by using ferrocyanide/ferricyanide redox reaction couple as a model redox process. Diffusion coefficients were calculated and compared to those obtained with the model redox couple in non-modified electrodes. Results pointed to a decrease of two and four orders of magnitude in the diffusion coefficients, respectively, for ion jelly and ion sol-gel film modified electrodes. Heterogeneous electron transfer constants for the ferrocyanide/ferricyanide ion redox process were also determined for modified and non-modified electrodes, in which the ion sol-gel film modified electrode presented the lower values. This work sought to contribute to the understanding of these materials’ properties, with emphasis on their diffusion, conductivity, and electrochemical behavior, namely reversibility, transfer coefficients, and kinetics, and optimize the most suitable properties for different possible applications, such as drug delivery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Redox Biomaterials and Their Applications)
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8 pages, 1664 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Activation Methods for 3D-Printed Electrodes for Microbial Electrochemical Technologies
by Raúl M. Alonso, Isabel San Martín, Antonio Morán and Adrián Escapa
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(1), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010275 - 28 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1432
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing could provide flexibility in the design of a new generation of electrodes to be used in microbial electrochemical technologies (MET). In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of using polylactic acid (PLA)/graphene—a common 3D-printing material—to build custom bioelectrodes. We also show [...] Read more.
Three-dimensional printing could provide flexibility in the design of a new generation of electrodes to be used in microbial electrochemical technologies (MET). In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of using polylactic acid (PLA)/graphene—a common 3D-printing material—to build custom bioelectrodes. We also show that a suitable activation procedure is crucial to achieve an acceptable electrochemical performance (plain PLA/graphene bioanodes produce negligible amounts of current). Activation with acetone and dimethylformamide resulted in current densities similar to those typically observed in bioanodes built with more conventional materials (about 5 Am−2). In addition, the electrodes thus activated favored the proliferation of electroactive bacteria. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Redox Biomaterials and Their Applications)
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Graphical abstract

15 pages, 12630 KiB  
Article
Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, Degradation Behavior, and Implant Testing of Hot-Rolled Biodegradable ZKX500 Magnesium Alloy
by Ying-Ting Huang, Fei-Yi Hung, Fa-Chuan Kuan, Kai-Lan Hsu, Wei-Ren Su and Chia-Yen Lin
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 10677; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210677 - 12 Nov 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1716
Abstract
Currently, orthopedic metallic implants are mostly made of stainless steel and titanium alloys. After healing, patients are usually required to undergo a secondary surgery for implant removal, which not only poses a medical risk but also costs medical resources. Magnesium-based biodegradable implants that [...] Read more.
Currently, orthopedic metallic implants are mostly made of stainless steel and titanium alloys. After healing, patients are usually required to undergo a secondary surgery for implant removal, which not only poses a medical risk but also costs medical resources. Magnesium-based biodegradable implants that can be absorbed by humans promote osteoblastic activity during the degradation and inhibit the formation of osteoclasts. Moreover, magnesium can be detected by X-ray, and this can help doctors to perform postoperative diagnosis and treatment, which is beneficial for patients. In this study, a ZKX500 Mg alloy bone plate was prepared through rolling. In addition to the microstructure and the mechanical properties of the hot-rolled ZKX500 Mg alloy, its in vitro corrosion behavior under different heat treatment conditions is discussed. A 6-month mini-pig implantation test was conducted using the fabricated ZKX500 Mg alloy bone plate and bone screws. The in vivo degradation mechanism and new bone formation were observed using computed tomography images. The pig recovered well, and the results can serve as an important reference for clinical applications. In addition, another important contribution of this study is that it can help the field of orthopedics to better understand the biodegradable magnesium alloy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Redox Biomaterials and Their Applications)
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