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8 pages, 1439 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Dynamic Navigation System for Immediate Implant Placement in the Maxillary Aesthetic Region

by Eric Battista, Roberta Gasparro, Maria Cacciola, Gilberto Sammartino and Gaetano Marenzi

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(11), 5510; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115510 - 29 May 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4546

Abstract

(1) Background: The achievement of an optimal implant position is still a critical consideration in implantology, especially in the aesthetic area. Dynamic navigation is a computer-aided procedure that allows the surgeon to follow on a screen the three-dimensional position of instruments in real [...] Read more.

(1) Background: The achievement of an optimal implant position is still a critical consideration in implantology, especially in the aesthetic area. Dynamic navigation is a computer-aided procedure that allows the surgeon to follow on a screen the three-dimensional position of instruments in real time during implant site preparation. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to assess the clinical and radiographical performance and accuracy of the surgical workflow during maxillary immediate implant placement assisted by DTX studio Implant software planning and X-Guide Navigation. (2) Methods: Twelve consecutive patients requiring at least one implant in the maxillary aesthetic region were treated. Clinical outcome measures were biological complications and implant or prosthetic success rate. The accuracy was measured by calculating the deviation between the real implant position obtained from the postoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan and the planned implant position. (3) Results: The average deviation at the implant shoulder was 0.77 ± 0.25 mm and at the apical point was 1.2 ± 0.61 mm. The depth error was 0.5 ± 0.21 mm. The axis deviation was 2.5 ± 0.41 degrees. No biological complications or implant and prosthetic failures occurred after mean 6-month follow-up. (4) Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it seems that the dynamic navigation system for implant placement in the maxillary aesthetic region is accurate for prosthetically driven implant placement. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

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13 pages, 2911 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Stress Analysis of Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) Telescopic Crowns Supported by Different Primary Crown Materials

by João Paulo Mendes Tribst, Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva, Azeem Ul Yaqin Syed, Mohammed Alrabiah, Khulud A. Al-Aali, Fahim Vohra and Tariq Abduljabbar

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3446; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073446 - 28 Mar 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2022

Abstract

The present study aimed to investigate the stress distribution of secondary telescopic crowns made of polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) combined with different primary crown (PC) materials (Zirconia, CoCr, Titanium, and PEKK) using finite element analysis. The geometric model was composed of bone tissue, periodontal ligament, [...] Read more.

The present study aimed to investigate the stress distribution of secondary telescopic crowns made of polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) combined with different primary crown (PC) materials (Zirconia, CoCr, Titanium, and PEKK) using finite element analysis. The geometric model was composed of bone tissue, periodontal ligament, root dentin, cement layer, primary crown, and secondary telescopic crown (SC). A total of four models were evaluated in which the secondary crowns were simulated in PEKK. The models were designed in CAD software and exported to the computer aided engineering software for the statistic structural analysis simulation. The materials were considered isotropic, with linear behavior and elastic properties. The model was fixed in the bone base and the load was applied at the occlusal surface of the crowns with 600 N. The results were required in von-Mises stress for the primary crown, secondary crown, cement layer, and Equivalent Strain to the periodontal ligament and bone tissue. Results show that the material influenced the stress distribution. The higher the PC elastic modulus, the higher the stress magnitude on the SC and cement layer. In the present study, the use of milled high-density polymer for primary crown presented a promising biomechanical behavior as an alternative material for double-crown design. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

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7 pages, 237 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin as a Therapeutic Option in the Treatment of Dry Socket: Literature Review and Case Series

by Gaetano Marenzi, Roberta Gasparro, Mauro Mariniello, Gilberto Sammartino, Claudia Capone and Alessandro Espedito di Lauro

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(20), 9474; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11209474 - 12 Oct 2021

Viewed by 1771

Abstract

Alveolar osteitis (AO) is one of the complications that occur after tooth extraction. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the efficacy of Advanced Platelet-rich Fibrin (A-PRF) in the management of pain and the acceleration of wound healing in the treatment [...] Read more.

Alveolar osteitis (AO) is one of the complications that occur after tooth extraction. The aim of this study has been to evaluate the efficacy of Advanced Platelet-rich Fibrin (A-PRF) in the management of pain and the acceleration of wound healing in the treatment of AO. Consecutive patients who were diagnosed with AO, recruited from patients referred to the Oral Surgery Department of the University of Naples Federico II, were enrolled. After local anesthesia, the dry socket was curetted and irrigated with saline. The Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF) clot was placed in the socket and then covered with an A-PRF membrane. Clinical parameters, such as the degree of pain and rate of granulation tissue (GT) formation, were measured before treatment and after 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. The Friedman test for dependent samples was used to detect the treatment and time effect. Four patients with established AO were included. On all the examination days, the post-operative recovery was uneventful. The pain scores progressively reduced, from an average of 8.5 before treatment to 0.25 on the third day, and the GT formation improved over time. The use of A-PRF in the treatment of AO significantly reduced the pain level and enhanced the wound-healing process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

10 pages, 1373 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Thermography as a Method to Detect Dental Anxiety in Oral Surgery

by Roberta Gasparro, Grazia Leonetti, Michele Riccio, Andrea Irace, Gilberto Sammartino, Andrea Blasi, Cristiano Scandurra, Nelson Mauro Maldonato, Pasquale Sammartino and Gaetano Marenzi

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(12), 5421; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11125421 - 10 Jun 2021

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2896

Abstract

(1) Background: the aim of this study was to evaluate if dental anxiety can be measured objectively using thermal infrared imaging. (2) Methods: Patients referred to the Department of Oral Surgery of the University of Naples Federico II and requiring dental extractions were [...] Read more.

(1) Background: the aim of this study was to evaluate if dental anxiety can be measured objectively using thermal infrared imaging. (2) Methods: Patients referred to the Department of Oral Surgery of the University of Naples Federico II and requiring dental extractions were consecutively enrolled in the study. Face thermal distribution images of the patients were acquired before and during their first clinical examination using infrared thermal cameras. The data were analyzed in relation to five regions of interest (ROI) of the patient’s face (nose, ear, forehead, zygoma, chin). The differences in the temperatures assessed between the two measurements for each ROI were evaluated by using paired T-test. The Pearson correlation and linear regression were performed to evaluate the association between differences in temperatures and Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) questionnaire score, age, and gender; (3) results: sixty participants were enrolled in the study (28 males and 32 females; mean age 57.4 year-old; age range 18–80 year-old). Only for nose and ear zone there was a statistically significant difference between measurements at baseline and visit. Correlation between the thermal imaging measurements and the scores of the MDAS questionnaire was found for nose and ear, but not for all of the other regions. (4) Conclusions: the study demonstrated a potential use of thermal infrared imaging to measure dental anxiety. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

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18 pages, 2597 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis: State-of-the-Art, Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

by Massimo Pisano, Alessandra Amato, Pasquale Sammartino, Alfredo Iandolo, Stefano Martina and Mario Caggiano

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 5290; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115290 - 7 Jun 2021

Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3806

Abstract

(1) Background: The treatment of the peri-implantitis is still challenging, and no consensus was found in the literature on which is the best treatment protocol. In recent years, numerous authors have proposed the use of the dental laser as an alternative and effective [...] Read more.

(1) Background: The treatment of the peri-implantitis is still challenging, and no consensus was found in the literature on which is the best treatment protocol. In recent years, numerous authors have proposed the use of the dental laser as an alternative and effective method for decontaminating the surface of infected implants. Therefore, the aim of this work was to examine the state-of-the-art on the use of lasers in the treatment of peri-implantitis through the literature. (2) Methods: An electronic search was conducted through the PubMed database; we selected and reviewed articles that evaluated the effects of laser irradiation in the treatment of peri-implantitis. (3) Results: The use of lasers seems to provide similar results if compared with conventional mechanical therapy. The included studies were divided into three groups based on the active medium of the laser used for the treatments being tested (Erbium: Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, CO₂ and diode laser). (4) Conclusions: The lasers showed positive results, on average, after 6 months of follow-up. Comparative clinical trials conducted with the aim to test the efficiency of laser irradiation, in addition to conventional therapy, indicate that this technique can induce similar results if compared to conventional therapy alone. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

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9 pages, 12276 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

A Proposed Protocol for Ordinary and Extraordinary Hygienic Maintenance in Different Implant Prosthetic Scenarios

by Pietro Felice, Angelica Bertacci, Lorenzo Bonifazi, Maryia Karaban, Luigi Canullo, Roberto Pistilli, Pasquale Sammartino, Roberta Gasparro and Carlo Barausse

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(7), 2957; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11072957 - 25 Mar 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2319

Abstract

Prevention of peri-implantitis involves the early diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis. This article presents a protocol of hygienic maintenance in different implant prosthetic scenarios: single crown, fixed partial prosthesis, fixed full-arch, and overdentures. Others clinical conditions have to be taken into consideration: patient compliance; [...] Read more.

Prevention of peri-implantitis involves the early diagnosis of peri-implant mucositis. This article presents a protocol of hygienic maintenance in different implant prosthetic scenarios: single crown, fixed partial prosthesis, fixed full-arch, and overdentures. Others clinical conditions have to be taken into consideration: patient compliance; history of periodontitis; implants placed in augmented bone; short, zygomatic, pterygoid, and tilted implants; and complex prosthesis with false gingiva. Two levels of implant maintenance are described: ordinary, performed by dental hygienist, and extraordinary, carried out by both dentist and hygienist. Extraordinary maintenance also involves the removal and decontamination of the prosthetic structure. To obtain an effective prevention of peri-implantitis, one must plan ordinary and extraordinary hygiene in relation to the type of rehabilitation and clinical parameters. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

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Review

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15 pages, 2656 KiB

Open AccessReview

Will Zirconia Implants Replace Titanium Implants?

by Liana Preto Webber, Hsun-Liang Chan and Hom-Lay Wang

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(15), 6776; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11156776 - 23 Jul 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5285

Abstract

This review aims to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of zirconia implants compared with titanium implants. Moreover, it intends to review the relevant available long-term literature of these two materials regarding osteointegration, soft-tissue, microbiota, and peri-implantitis, focusing on clinical results. Briefly, titanium implants [...] Read more.

This review aims to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of zirconia implants compared with titanium implants. Moreover, it intends to review the relevant available long-term literature of these two materials regarding osteointegration, soft-tissue, microbiota, and peri-implantitis, focusing on clinical results. Briefly, titanium implants are a reliable alternative for missing teeth; however, they are not incapable of failure. In an attempt to provide an alternative implant material, implants made from ceramic-derivate products were developed. Owing to its optimal osseointegration competence, biocompatibility, and esthetic proprieties, zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), also known as zirconia, has gained popularity among researchers and clinicians, being a metal-free alternative for titanium implants with its main use in the anterior esthetic zones. This type of implant may present similar osseointegration as those noted on titanium implants with a greater soft-tissue response. Furthermore, this material does not show corrosion as its titanium analog, and it is less susceptible to bacterial adhesion. Lastly, even presenting a similar inflammatory response to titanium, zirconia implants offer less biofilm formation, suggesting less susceptibility to peri-implantitis. However, it is a relatively new material that has been commercially available for a decade; consequently, the literature still lacks studies with long follow-up periods. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

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17 pages, 1913 KiB

Open AccessReview

Long-Term Prognosis of Peri-Implantitis Treatment: A Systematic Review of Prospective Trials with More Than 3 Years of Follow-Up

by Riccardo Di Gianfilippo, Benyapha Sirinirund, Maria Vera Rodriguez, Zhaozhao Chen and Hom-Lay Wang

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(24), 9084; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10249084 - 18 Dec 2020

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3342

Abstract

A multitude of clinical trials have tested therapeutic approaches to treat peri-implantitis but there is still no consensus on what treatment modality leads to the most favorable clinical improvement and reduced implant loss. Therefore, the present systematic review reported on the long-term clinical [...] Read more.

A multitude of clinical trials have tested therapeutic approaches to treat peri-implantitis but there is still no consensus on what treatment modality leads to the most favorable clinical improvement and reduced implant loss. Therefore, the present systematic review reported on the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes after treatment of peri-implantitis with different surgical approaches. A PICO question was defined; manual and electronic searches were completed to screen for human prospective studies with at least 3 years of follow-up after surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. Analyses were performed using a random-effect model. Thirteen trials reported on 706 implants and 399 patients. Open flap, resective and reconstructive approaches led to a probing depth reduction of 2.23, 2.25 and 3.78 mm with a survival rate of 84%, 90% and 95%, respectively. Reconstructive treatments were followed by an average of 2.34 mm of radiographic bone gain, flap had negligible bone changes (0.11 mm) and resective approaches resulted in a mean bone loss of 0.5 mm. Large heterogeneity existed among studies for diagnostic criteria and decontamination modalities. Within the existing limitations, regenerative approaches for the treatment of peri-implantitis lead to advantageous long-term improvement of peri-implant tissues and higher implant survival rate. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques and Devices in Implant Surgical and Prosthetic Therapy)

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