Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 3038

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of the present Special Issue is to investigate the crucial relationship between oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders. It is well known that the brain usually needs a large amount of oxygen to carry out its functions. Free radicals, oxygen and nitrogen species, are produced by several pathways that involve mitochondria, neurotransmitters, and redox active transition metals. In addition, neuronal cells have a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in their membranes and poor antioxidant defenses, which make the brain vulnerable to free radicals. In fact, the resulting redox imbalance causes PUFA peroxidation and protein oxidation, altering their structure and function. Oxidative stress is also responsible for abnormalities affecting the autophagy mechanism, causing the accumulation of intracellular and extracellular bodies, containing misfolded proteins related to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.

This Special Issue aims to collect original research and review articles in order to understand the physiological, metabolic, and cellular mechanisms that characterize the interaction between the oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurodegeneration;
  • Interaction between RONS and autophagy mechanisms;
  • Oxidative stress and the microbiota gut–brain axis;
  • The role of free radicals in inducing cell apoptosis;
  • The improvement of antioxidant defenses and its effect on neurodegeneration.

Dr. Ferdinando Franzoni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • oxidative stress
  • neurodegeneration
  • inflammation
  • apoptosis
  • autophagy

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

11 pages, 968 KiB  
Review
What Does the Brain Have to Keep Working at Its Best? Resilience Mechanisms Such as Antioxidants and Brain/Cognitive Reserve for Counteracting Alzheimer’s Disease Degeneration
by Davide Maria Cammisuli, Ferdinando Franzoni, Giorgia Scarfò, Jonathan Fusi, Marco Gesi, Ubaldo Bonuccelli, Simona Daniele, Claudia Martini and Gianluca Castelnuovo
Biology 2022, 11(5), 650; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11050650 - 24 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2625
Abstract
Here we performed a narrative review highlighting the effect of brain/cognitive reserve and natural/synthetic antioxidants in exerting a neuroprotective effect against cognitive deterioration during physiological and pathological aging. Particularly, we discussed pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, brain and cognitive reserve as means of resilience [...] Read more.
Here we performed a narrative review highlighting the effect of brain/cognitive reserve and natural/synthetic antioxidants in exerting a neuroprotective effect against cognitive deterioration during physiological and pathological aging. Particularly, we discussed pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, brain and cognitive reserve as means of resilience towards deterioration, and evidence from the literature about antioxidants’ role in sustaining cognitive functioning in the preclinical phase of dementia. During aging, the effects of disease-related brain changes upon cognition are reduced in individuals with higher cognitive reserve, which might lose its potential with emerging cognitive symptoms in the transitional phase over the continuum normal aging-dementia (i.e., Mild Cognitive Impairment). Starting from this assumption, MCI should represent a potential target of intervention in which antioxidants effects may contribute—in part—to counteract a more severe brain deterioration (alongside to cognitive stimulation) causing a rightward shift in the trajectory of cognitive decline, leading patients to cross the threshold for clinical dementia later. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases)
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