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Biology
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Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources
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Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 12954

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Hua-Feng Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Interests: urban plant diversity; phylogenomics, biogeography and taxonomy; plant germplasm resources for tropical fruits
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We invite you to contribute to our Special Issue titled “Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources” in Biology. Understanding the spatial distribution patterns, systematics and evolution histories of plant diversity and its driving mechanisms can help maximize biodiversity conservation, which is under threat. Additionally, knowledge of Germplasm Resources and excellent-gene mining for tropical fruits will help mitigate food crises such as those arising from climate change.

The aim of this Special Issue is to further our understanding of the spatial distribution patterns, drivers, systematics, evolution and reproductive biology of plant diversity to mitigate possible food crises such as those arising from climate change, war or trade war. The subjects pertain to the biological features of plants; therefore, we believe this Special Issue falls under the scope of Biology. The topics we aim to include are as follows:

1) The patterns, drivers and above-ground biomass of urban greenspace or plant diversity in tropical urban ecosystems;
2) The phylogenomics, systematics, biogeography and taxomomy of some taxa;
3) Reproductive biology, the innovation of Germplasm Resources and excellent-gene mining for tropical fruits.

Acknowledgement: We highly appreciate Dr. AJ Harris's efforts and contributions as the Guest Editor to this Special Issue. Unfortunately, Dr. AJ Harris passed away, so we removed her information from this website.

Prof. Dr. Hua-Feng Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • urban plant diversity
  • phylogenomics, biogeography and taxonomy
  • plant germplasm resources
  • tropical fruits
  • CRISPR

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 3483 KiB  
Article
Screening of Comprehensive Panel of Cultivated and Wild Vigna Species for Resistance to Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L.
by Prince Sahu, Mahendra Singh, Rakesh Pandey, Mukesh Kumar Mishra, Akhilesh Kumar Singh, Bhupendra Kumar Singh, Surendra Kumar Singh, Ashutosh Rai, Vishal Chugh, Gaurav Shukla, Saurabh Singh, Kartikey Singh, Mukul Kumar and Chandra Mohan Singh
Biology 2023, 12(6), 781; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12060781 - 27 May 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1889
Abstract
Pulses are a key source of dietary proteins in human nutrition. Despite several efforts to increase the production, various constraints, such as biotic and abiotic factors, threaten pulse production by various means. Bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.) are the serious issue of concern, particularly [...] Read more.
Pulses are a key source of dietary proteins in human nutrition. Despite several efforts to increase the production, various constraints, such as biotic and abiotic factors, threaten pulse production by various means. Bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.) are the serious issue of concern, particularly in storage conditions. Understanding host–plant resistance at morphological, biochemical and molecular levels is the best way to minimize yield losses. The 117 mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) genotypes, including endemic wild relatives, were screened for resistance against Callosobruchus chinensis; among them, two genotypes, PRR 2008-2 and PRR 2008-2-sel, which belong to V. umbellata (Thumb.), were identified as highly resistant. The expression of antioxidants in susceptible and resistant genotypes revealed that the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was upregulated in the highly resistant wild Vigna species and lower in the cultivated susceptible genotypes, along with other biomarkers. Further, the SCoT-based genotyping revealed SCoT-30 (200 bp), SCoT-31 (1200 bp) and SCoT-32 (300 bp) as unique amplicons, which might be useful for developing the novel ricebean-based SCAR markers to accelerate the molecular breeding programme. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources)
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18 pages, 3162 KiB  
Article
Plastid Phylogenomic Insights into the Inter-Tribal Relationships of Plantaginaceae
by Pingxuan Xie, Lilei Tang, Yanzhen Luo, Changkun Liu and Hanjing Yan
Biology 2023, 12(2), 263; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12020263 - 7 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2688
Abstract
Plantaginaceae, consisting of 12 tribes, is a diverse, cosmopolitan family. To date, the inter-tribal relationships of this family have been unresolved, and the plastome structure and composition within Plantaginaceae have seldom been comprehensively investigated. In this study, we compared the plastomes from 41 [...] Read more.
Plantaginaceae, consisting of 12 tribes, is a diverse, cosmopolitan family. To date, the inter-tribal relationships of this family have been unresolved, and the plastome structure and composition within Plantaginaceae have seldom been comprehensively investigated. In this study, we compared the plastomes from 41 Plantaginaceae species (including 6 newly sequenced samples and 35 publicly representative species) representing 11 tribes. To clarify the inter-tribal relationships of Plantaginaceae, we inferred phylogenic relationships based on the concatenated and coalescent analyses of 68 plastid protein-coding genes. PhyParts analysis was performed to assess the level of concordance and conflict among gene trees across the species tree. The results indicate that most plastomes of Plantaginaceae are largely conserved in terms of genome structure and gene content. In contrast to most previous studies, a robust phylogeny was recovered using plastome data, providing new insights for better understanding the inter-tribal relationships of Plantaginaceae. Both concatenated and coalescent phylogenies favored the sister relationship between Plantagineae and Digitalideae, as well as between Veroniceae and Hemiphragmeae. Sibthorpieae diverged into a separate branch which was sister to a clade comprising the four tribes mentioned above. Furthermore, the sister relationship between Russelieae and Cheloneae is strongly supported. The results of PhyParts showed gene tree congruence and conflict to varying degrees, but most plastid genes were uninformative for phylogenetic nodes, revealing the defects of previous studies using single or multiple plastid DNA sequences to infer the phylogeny of Plantaginaceae. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources)
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13 pages, 2323 KiB  
Article
Micropropagation Protocol and Genetic Stability of the Salix myrtilloides Plants Cultivated In Vitro
by Marzena Parzymies, Magdalena Pogorzelec, Katarzyna Głębocka and Elwira Sliwinska
Biology 2023, 12(2), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12020168 - 20 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2469
Abstract
Salix myrtilloides L. is a relict species, threatened with extinction in many European countries. To prevent the loss of the species, tissue culture was established to produce plant material for reintroduction in natural habitats. Micropropagation was chosen as a method to obtain new [...] Read more.
Salix myrtilloides L. is a relict species, threatened with extinction in many European countries. To prevent the loss of the species, tissue culture was established to produce plant material for reintroduction in natural habitats. Micropropagation was chosen as a method to obtain new plants. S. myrtilloides shoots were disinfected with NaOCl, AgNO3, or with a two-step disinfection with NaOCl, and then placed on MS medium supplemented with BA at 1 mg·dm−3 and IBA at 0.1 mg·dm−3. Regenerated shoots were cultivated in presence of BA, KIN, and 2iP to select the treatment with the highest multiplication rate. The obtained plants were acclimatized to ex vitro conditions. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and flow cytometric analyses were conducted on in vitro regenerated plants to check their genetic stability. The best disinfection results were obtained when explants were treated with 1.5% NaOCl for 20 min. The highest multiplication rate and good quality plants were noted in the control media, without growth regualtors and in presence of kinetin at 0.5 mg·dm−3. Flow cytometry and ISSR analyses confirmed genetic stability in plantlets, which indicated the possibility to use the in vitro obtained plants for reintroduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources)
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17 pages, 3243 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Pattern of the GRAS Gene Family in Pitaya (Selenicereus undatus L.)
by Qamar U Zaman, Muhammad Azhar Hussain, Latif Ullah Khan, Jian-Peng Cui, Liu Hui, Darya Khan, Wei Lv and Hua-Feng Wang
Biology 2023, 12(1), 11; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology12010011 - 21 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 3366
Abstract
The GRAS gene family is one of the most important families of transcriptional factors that have diverse functions in plant growth and developmental processes including axillary meristem patterning, signal-transduction, cell maintenance, phytohormone and light signaling. Despite their importance, the function of GRAS genes [...] Read more.
The GRAS gene family is one of the most important families of transcriptional factors that have diverse functions in plant growth and developmental processes including axillary meristem patterning, signal-transduction, cell maintenance, phytohormone and light signaling. Despite their importance, the function of GRAS genes in pitaya fruit (Selenicereus undatus L.) remains unknown. Here, 45 members of the HuGRAS gene family were identified in the pitaya genome, which was distributed on 11 chromosomes. All 45 members of HuGRAS were grouped into nine subfamilies using phylogenetic analysis with six other species: maize, rice, soybeans, tomatoes, Medicago truncatula and Arabidopsis. Among the 45 genes, 12 genes were selected from RNA-Seq data due to their higher expression in different plant tissues of pitaya. In order to verify the RNA-Seq data, these 12 HuGRAS genes were subjected for qRT-PCR validation. Nine HuGRAS genes exhibited higher relative expression in different tissues of the plant. These nine genes which were categorized into six subfamilies inlcuding DELLA (HuGRAS-1), SCL-3 (HuGRAS-7), PAT1 (HuGRAS-34, HuGRAS-35, HuGRAS-41), HAM (HuGRAS-37), SCR (HuGRAS-12) and LISCL (HuGRAS-18, HuGRAS-25) might regulate growth and development in the pitaya plant. The results of the present study provide valuable information to improve tropical pitaya through a molecular and conventional breeding program. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources)
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13 pages, 1445 KiB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Variation of Urban Plant Diversity and above Ground Biomass in Haikou, China
by Hai-Li Zhang, Mir Muhammad Nizamani, Josep Padullés Cubino, Lin-Yuan Guo, Jing-Jiang Zhou and Hua-Feng Wang
Biology 2022, 11(12), 1824; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11121824 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1744
Abstract
Understanding the drivers of urban plant diversity (UPD) and above ground biomass (AGB) in urbanized areas is critical for urban ecosystem services and biodiversity protection. The relationships between UPD and AGB have been investigated simultaneously. However, the drivers of UPD and AGB have [...] Read more.
Understanding the drivers of urban plant diversity (UPD) and above ground biomass (AGB) in urbanized areas is critical for urban ecosystem services and biodiversity protection. The relationships between UPD and AGB have been investigated simultaneously. However, the drivers of UPD and AGB have been explored independently in tropical coastal areas at different time points. To fill this gap, we conducted a remote sensing interpretation, field plant plot surveys, and compiled socioeconomic and urban greening management survey data. We conducted spatial analyses to investigate the relationships among UPD and socioeconomic variables across different primary and secondary urban functional units (UFUs) in the tropical urban ecosystems of the coastal city of Haikou, China. The primary UFUs with the highest AGB were the recreation and leisure districts in 2015 and 2021. In 2015, AGB was mainly correlated with the number of herb species in undeveloped land and the districts of industry, business, recreation, and leisure. In 2021, AGB was affected primarily by the frequency of fertilizing, maintenance, and watering. Our study found that the relationship between UPD and AGB varied across time and space in Haikou. The plant diversity and AGB’s response to human activities and socioeconomics appear to have a time-lag effect. These results provide new insights in understanding how management decisions affect urban vegetation and could be used to guide future urban green space planning in Haikou. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodiversity, Phylogenomics and Innovation of Plant Germplasm Resources)
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