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Biomedicines
Special Issues
10th Anniversary of Biomedicines-Immune-Aging
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10th Anniversary of Biomedicines-Immune-Aging

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2023) | Viewed by 5162

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Agnieszka Zembrón-Łacny

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Applied and Clinical Physiology, Collegium Medicum University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
Interests: immune-aging; chronic inflammation in aging; cytokines; reactive oxygen species; age-associated diseases; anti-inflammatory effect of exercise; flow cytometry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Immune aging is defined as the changes in the immune system associated with age. It is a progressive and irreversible process involving a decrease in the number of naïve T and B cells, NK cells’ cytotoxic and activity, and disruption of oxi-inflammatory response by altering the production of reactive oxygen species, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and others. With age, there is an increase in autoimmunity and generalized inflammation with simultaneous immunodeficiency, which results in greater susceptibility to infectious diseases; a decrease in reactivity to prophylactic vaccinations; the incidence of autoimmune diseases; and increased risk of infectious injury complications, exacerbation of symptoms of chronic diseases, and an insufficient response to the presence of cells cancer. For years, based on the analysis of the frequency of viral and bacterial infections, immunological indicators and inflammation, attempts have been made to develop the immune risk profile and effective methods of preventing disorders of the immune system and prolonging the functional capacity in older age.

Dr. Agnieszka Zembrón-Łacny
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anti-aging strategies
  • autoimmune diseases
  • cancers
  • frailty syndrome
  • inflammaging
  • immune biomarkers
  • immune checkpoints
  • infectious diseases
  • mRNA vaccines

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 2264 KiB  
Article
Antibody Dynamics Simulation—A Mathematical Exploration of Clonal Deletion and Somatic Hypermutation
by Zhaobin Xu, Qingzhi Peng, Weidong Liu, Jacques Demongeot and Dongqing Wei
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 2048; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11072048 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1048
Abstract
We have employed mathematical modeling techniques to construct a comprehensive framework for elucidating the intricate response mechanisms of the immune system, facilitating a deeper understanding of B-cell clonal deletion and somatic hypermutation. Our improved model introduces innovative mechanisms that shed light on positive [...] Read more.
We have employed mathematical modeling techniques to construct a comprehensive framework for elucidating the intricate response mechanisms of the immune system, facilitating a deeper understanding of B-cell clonal deletion and somatic hypermutation. Our improved model introduces innovative mechanisms that shed light on positive and negative selection processes during T-cell and B-cell development. Notably, clonal deletion is attributed to the attenuated immune stimulation exerted by self-antigens with high binding affinities, rendering them less effective in eliciting subsequent B-cell maturation and differentiation. Secondly, our refined model places particular emphasis on the crucial role played by somatic hypermutation in modulating the immune system’s functionality. Through extensive investigation, we have determined that somatic hypermutation not only expedites the production of highly specific antibodies pivotal in combating microbial infections but also serves as a regulatory mechanism to dampen autoimmunity and enhance self-tolerance within the organism. Lastly, our model advances the understanding of the implications of antibody in vivo evolution in the overall process of organismal aging. With the progression of time, the age-associated amplification of autoimmune activity becomes apparent. While somatic hypermutation effectively delays this process, mitigating the levels of autoimmune response, it falls short of reversing this trajectory entirely. In conclusion, our advanced mathematical model offers a comprehensive and scholarly approach to comprehend the intricacies of the immune system. By encompassing novel mechanisms for selection, emphasizing the functional role of somatic hypermutation, and illuminating the consequences of in vivo antibody evolution, our model expands the current understanding of immune responses and their implications in aging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Biomedicines-Immune-Aging)
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15 pages, 2719 KiB  
Article
Exploiting Signal Joint T Cell Receptor Excision Circle to Investigate the Impact of COVID-19 and Autoimmune Diseases on Age Prediction and Immunosenescence
by Amina A. Farag, Taghrid G. Kharboush, Noha H. Ibrahim, Mohamed Darwish, Iman M. Fawzy, Hanaa El-Sayed Bayomy, Dina Saad Abdelmotaleb, Shaza Abdul Basset Abdul Basset, Amal M. Abdel-Kareim, Mohammed Al mohaini, Inas A. Ahmed and Haidy M. Fakher
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3193; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123193 - 9 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1792
Abstract
Signal joint T cell receptor excision circles (sjTRECs) are a promising marker for age estimation and immunosenescence in different ethnic groups. Several limitations are expected to overshadow their use as accurate markers for age prediction. The current study was conducted to [...] Read more.
Signal joint T cell receptor excision circles (sjTRECs) are a promising marker for age estimation and immunosenescence in different ethnic groups. Several limitations are expected to overshadow their use as accurate markers for age prediction. The current study was conducted to determine the influence of immunologic disorders, such as autoimmune diseases and COVID-19, on the accuracy of sjTRECs as molecular markers for age estimation and immunosenescence among living Egyptians. Peripheral blood sjTRECs level was measured by qPCR in 90 autoimmune patients, 58 COVID-19 patients, and 85 healthy controls. The mean dCt values were significantly (p = 0.0002) different between the three groups, with the highest values in healthy subjects, followed by autoimmune and COVID-19 patients. A significant negative correlation was identified between the sjTRECs levels and ages in all studied cases. There were significant positive correlations between chronological age and predicted age for healthy individuals, autoimmune, and COVID-19 patients with mean absolute deviations (MAD) of 9.40, 11.04, and 9.71, respectively. The two patients’ groups exhibited early immunosenescence, which was more noticeable among the young adults with COVID-19 and autoimmune patients of age range (18–49 years). Autoimmunity may represent a critical factor impacting the accuracy of sjTRECs quantitation for age prediction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Biomedicines-Immune-Aging)
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Review

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16 pages, 1256 KiB  
Review
Hypoxic State of Cells and Immunosenescence: A Focus on the Role of the HIF Signaling Pathway
by Dario Troise, Barbara Infante, Silvia Mercuri, Giuseppe Stefano Netti, Elena Ranieri, Loreto Gesualdo, Giovanni Stallone and Paola Pontrelli
Biomedicines 2023, 11(8), 2163; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082163 - 1 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1658
Abstract
Hypoxia activates hypoxia-related signaling pathways controlled by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIFs represent a quick and effective detection system involved in the cellular response to insufficient oxygen concentration. Activation of HIF signaling pathways is involved in improving the oxygen supply, promoting cell survival through [...] Read more.
Hypoxia activates hypoxia-related signaling pathways controlled by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). HIFs represent a quick and effective detection system involved in the cellular response to insufficient oxygen concentration. Activation of HIF signaling pathways is involved in improving the oxygen supply, promoting cell survival through anaerobic ATP generation, and adapting energy metabolism to meet cell demands. Hypoxia can also contribute to the development of the aging process, leading to aging-related degenerative diseases; among these, the aging of the immune system under hypoxic conditions can play a role in many different immune-mediated diseases. Thus, in this review we aim to discuss the role of HIF signaling pathways following cellular hypoxia and their effects on the mechanisms driving immune system senescence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 10th Anniversary of Biomedicines-Immune-Aging)
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