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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies
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Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 2471

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Gysbert-Botho Van Setten

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Karolinska Institutet, St Eriks Eye Hospital, Stockholm, 171 04 Solna, Sweden
Interests: basic research on cytokines, receptors and ocular and body fluids; understanding the processes of wounding, wound healing and their controllability; emphasizing the need to understand the dynamics of biological processes; the application of insights to clinics, especially surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increasing awareness of details of dry eye pathophysiology as part of the large family of ocular surface disease raises the need for insight into the very basic mechanisms on the molecular level. Identifying dry eye disease as a group of diseases characterized by absolute or relative lubrication deficiencies emphasizes the need for detailed knowledge to create more efficient therapies. Progress in the availability of highly sensitive and sophisticated analytical methods on the molecular level contributes to an all-increasing wealth of information that needs to be carefully analyzed and interpreted in order to achieve the ambition to establish more realistic and therapeutically relevant models. This Special Issue offers an excellent platform for spreading and discussing information at the edge in the field in order to optimize therapy and update currently existing and favored models on the pathophysiology of dry eye disease. Only a common effort supported by those who know, herewith cordiality invited to contribute to this Special Edition, will allow us to improve treatment and therapy and, thus, ameliorate the burden of the disease.

Dr. Gysbert-Botho Van Setten
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tear film
  • ocular surface disease
  • lubrication deficiency
  • dry eye
  • molecular pharmacology
  • physicochemical properties
  • shear forces
  • attrition
  • inflammation
  • therapy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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25 pages, 6059 KiB  
Hypothesis
Ocular Surface Allostasis—When Homeostasis Is Lost: Challenging Coping Potential, Stress Tolerance, and Resilience
by Gysbert-Botho van Setten
Biomolecules 2023, 13(8), 1246; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13081246 - 14 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2122
Abstract
The loss of ocular surface (OS) homeostasis characterizes the onset of dry eye disease. Resilience defines the ability to withstand this threat, reflecting the ability of the ocular surface to cope with and bounce back after challenging events. The coping capacity of the [...] Read more.
The loss of ocular surface (OS) homeostasis characterizes the onset of dry eye disease. Resilience defines the ability to withstand this threat, reflecting the ability of the ocular surface to cope with and bounce back after challenging events. The coping capacity of the OS defines the ability to successfully manage cellular stress. Cellular stress, which is central to the outcome of the pathophysiology of dry eye disease, is characterized by intensity, continuity, and receptivity, which lead to the loss of homeostasis, resulting in a phase of autocatalytic dysregulation, an event that is not well-defined. To better define this event, here, we present a model providing a potential approach when homeostasis is challenged and the coping capacities have reached their limits, resulting in the stage of heterostasis, in which the dysregulated cellular stress mechanisms take over, leading to dry eye disease. The main feature of the proposed model is the concept that, prior to the initiation of the events leading to cellular stress, there is a period of intense activation of all available coping mechanisms preventing the imminent dysregulation of ocular surface homeostasis. When the remaining coping mechanisms and resilience potential have been maximally exploited and have, finally, been exceeded, there will be a transition to manifest disease with all the well-known signs and symptoms, with a shift to allostasis, reflecting the establishment of another state of balance. The intention of this review was to show that it is possibly the phase of heterostasis preceding the establishment of allostasis that offers a better chance for therapeutic intervention and optimized recovery. Once allostasis has been established, as a new steady-state of balance at a higher level of constant cell stress and inflammation, treatment may be far more difficult, and the potential for reversal is drastically decreased. Homeostasis, once lost, can possibly not be fully recovered. The processes established during heterostasis and allostasis require different approaches and treatments for their control, indicating that the current treatment options for homeostasis need to be adapted to a more-demanding situation. The loss of homeostasis necessarily implies the establishment of a new balance; here, we refer to such a state as allostasis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dry Eye Disease: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies)
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