Alkaloid from Plants, Terrestrial and Marine Organisms

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (19 September 2022) | Viewed by 3747

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council, Via Amendola 122/O, 70125 Bari, Italy
Interests: chemistry of natural substance; spectroscopy; biosynthesis; structure activity relationships
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Dear Colleagues,

Alkaloids are organic compounds containing at least one basic nitrogen atom and with a low molecular weight. They are mostly produced by plants but some are also synthesized by animals, microorganisms, and marine organisms. The nitrogen atom could be a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine group that results in the basic nature of the alkaloids. Thus, their name was derived from alkali. This property is frequently used for the selective extraction and/or purification of the alkaloids. However, when the amino group is converted in amides, they lose this main characteristic and cannot be considered alkaloids, but are named isocarbostyrils. The same occurs when the nitrogen group is converted in the corresponding ammonium salt, and this process is strongly linked with the biological activity of the alkaloids. Frequently, the nitrogen atom of the alkaloids originates from amino acids and they also retain the structure of the precursor. Thus, the alkaloids are grouped in subgroups referred to by the starting amino acids. The main ones are anthranilic and nicotinic acids, including histidine, lysine, tyrosine, and tryptophan.  There are also alkaloids whose carbon skeleton comes from acetate, shikimate, and mevalonate biosynthetic pathways. The nitrogen atom was introduced by a trans-amination. The alkaloids have a very wide variety of important biological activities with potential practical applications in different fields. This Special Issue will include original research articles on the chemistry and biological aspects of alkaloids and reviews based on the literature published in the last 20 years.

Prof. Dr. Antonio Evidente
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • alkaloids
  • structure
  • biological activity
  • structure-activity relationships
  • synthesis
  • bioformulation

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

25 pages, 2302 KiB  
Review
Structures and Biological Activities of Alkaloids Produced by Mushrooms, a Fungal Subgroup
by Jesús G. Zorrilla and Antonio Evidente
Biomolecules 2022, 12(8), 1025; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12081025 - 24 Jul 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3314
Abstract
Alkaloids are a wide family of basic N-containing natural products, whose research has revealed bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest. Studies on these compounds have focused more attention on those produced by plants, although other types of organisms have also been proven to [...] Read more.
Alkaloids are a wide family of basic N-containing natural products, whose research has revealed bioactive compounds of pharmacological interest. Studies on these compounds have focused more attention on those produced by plants, although other types of organisms have also been proven to synthesize bioactive alkaloids, such as animals, marine organisms, bacteria, and fungi. This review covers the findings of the last 20 years (2002–2022) related to the isolation, structures, and biological activities of the alkaloids produced by mushrooms, a fungal subgroup, and their potential to develop drugs and agrochemicals. In some cases, the synthesis of the reviewed compounds and structure−activity relationship studies have been described. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Alkaloid from Plants, Terrestrial and Marine Organisms)
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