Language Perception and Processing

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurolinguistics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 27 March 2026 | Viewed by 1779

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Linguistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-5454, USA
Interests: experimental phonetics; cross-linguistic speech perception; lexical tone processing and acquisition
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Language perception and processing are essential to how we communicate and understand the world around us. These processes involve a complex interaction of sensory inputs, cognitive functions, and neural activity, enabling us to make sense of speech, text, and sign language. Whether interpreting subtle differences in spoken tone or recognizing written words, humans rely on an intricate and adaptive system for understanding language.

This Special Issue of Brain Sciences gathers research examining how language perception and processing work across a variety of contexts and populations. From adaptation to noisy listening environments by both native and non-native speakers alike to the challenges faced by individuals with neurodevelopmental or neurodegenerative conditions, these studies shed light on the diversity and resilience of language processing. They also explore how sensory and cognitive factors influence our ability to perceive language in its many forms.

By focusing on these diverse perspectives, this collection aims to deepen our understanding of the processes that enable language and inspire new directions for research in this exciting field.

Prof. Dr. Ratree Wayland
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • language
  • cognitive mechanism
  • neural mechanism
  • speech
  • perception
  • processing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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34 pages, 1876 KB  
Article
The Interaction of Target and Masker Speech in Competing Speech Perception
by Sheyenne Fishero, Joan A. Sereno and Allard Jongman
Brain Sci. 2025, 15(8), 834; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15080834 - 4 Aug 2025
Viewed by 398
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Speech perception typically takes place against a background of other speech or noise. The present study investigates the effectiveness of segregating speech streams within a competing speech signal, examining whether cues such as pitch, which typically denote a difference in talker, [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Speech perception typically takes place against a background of other speech or noise. The present study investigates the effectiveness of segregating speech streams within a competing speech signal, examining whether cues such as pitch, which typically denote a difference in talker, behave in the same way as cues such as speaking rate, which typically do not denote the presence of a new talker. Methods: Native English speakers listened to English target speech within English two-talker babble of a similar or different pitch and/or a similar or different speaking rate to identify whether mismatched properties between target speech and masker babble improve speech segregation. Additionally, Dutch and French masker babble was tested to identify whether an unknown language masker improves speech segregation capacity and whether the rhythm patterns of the unknown language modulate the improvement. Results: Results indicated that a difference in pitch or speaking rate between target and masker improved speech segregation, but when both pitch and speaking rate differed, only a difference in pitch improved speech segregation. Results also indicated improved speech segregation for an unknown language masker, with little to no role of rhythm pattern of the unknown language. Conclusions: This study increases the understanding of speech perception in a noisy ecologically valid context and suggests that there is a link between a cue’s potential to denote a new speaker and its ability to aid in speech segregation during competing speech perception. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Language Perception and Processing)
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23 pages, 1105 KB  
Article
Examining Speech Perception–Production Relationships Through Tone Perception and Production Learning Among Indonesian Learners of Mandarin
by Keith K. W. Leung, Yu-An Lu and Yue Wang
Brain Sci. 2025, 15(7), 671; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15070671 - 22 Jun 2025
Viewed by 677
Abstract
Background: A transfer of learning effects across speech perception and production is evident in second-language (L2)-learning research, suggesting that perception and production are closely linked in L2 speech learning. However, underlying factors, such as the phonetic cue weightings given to acoustic features, of [...] Read more.
Background: A transfer of learning effects across speech perception and production is evident in second-language (L2)-learning research, suggesting that perception and production are closely linked in L2 speech learning. However, underlying factors, such as the phonetic cue weightings given to acoustic features, of the relationship between perception and production improvements are less explored. To address this research gap, the current study explored the effects of Mandarin tone learning on the production and perception of critical (pitch direction) and non-critical (pitch height) perceptual cues. Methods: This study tracked the Mandarin learning effects of Indonesian adult learners over a four-to-six-week learning period. Results: We found that perception and production gains in Mandarin L2 learning concurrently occurred with the critical pitch direction cue, F0 slope. The non-critical pitch height cue, F0 mean, only displayed a production gain. Conclusions: The results indicate the role of critical perceptual cues in relating tone perception and production in general, and in the transfer of learning effects across the two domains for L2 learning. These results demonstrate the transfer of the ability to perceive phonological contrasts using critical phonetic information to the production domain based on the same cue weighting, suggesting interconnected encoding and decoding processes in L2 speech learning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Language Perception and Processing)
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Other

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25 pages, 1403 KB  
Protocol
Discrimination and Integration of Phonological Features in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Exploratory Multi-Feature Oddball Protocol
by Mingyue Zuo, Yang Zhang, Rui Wang, Dan Huang, Luodi Yu and Suiping Wang
Brain Sci. 2025, 15(9), 905; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15090905 - 23 Aug 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often display heightened sensitivity to simple auditory stimuli, but have difficulty discriminating and integrating multiple phonological features (segmental: consonants and vowels; suprasegmental: lexical tones) at the syllable level, which negatively impacts their communication. This study aims [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often display heightened sensitivity to simple auditory stimuli, but have difficulty discriminating and integrating multiple phonological features (segmental: consonants and vowels; suprasegmental: lexical tones) at the syllable level, which negatively impacts their communication. This study aims to investigate the neural basis of segmental, suprasegmental and combinatorial speech processing challenges in Mandarin-speaking children with ASD compared with typically developing (TD) peers. Methods: Thirty children with ASD and thirty TD peers will complete a multi-feature oddball paradigm to elicit auditory ERP during passive listening. Stimuli include syllables with single (e.g., vowel only), dual (e.g., vowel + tone), and triple (consonant + vowel + tone) phonological deviations. Neural responses will be analyzed using temporal principal component analysis (t-PCA) to isolate overlapping ERP components (early/late MMN), and representational similarity analysis (RSA) to assess group differences in neural representational structure across feature conditions. Expected Outcomes: We adopt a dual-framework approach to hypothesis generation. First, from a theory-driven perspective, we integrate three complementary models, Enhanced Perceptual Functioning (EPF), Weak Central Coherence (WCC), and the Neural Complexity Hypothesis (NCH), to account for auditory processing in ASD. Specifically, we hypothesize that ASD children will show enhanced or intact neural discriminatory responses to isolated segmental deviations (e.g., vowel), but attenuated or delayed responses to suprasegmental (e.g., tone) and multi-feature deviants, with the most severe disruptions occurring in complex, multi-feature conditions. Second, from an empirically grounded, data-driven perspective, we derive our central hypothesis directly from the mismatch negativity (MMN) literature, which suggests reduced MMN amplitudes (with the exception of vowel deviants) and prolonged latencies accompanied by a diminished left-hemisphere advantage across all speech feature types in ASD, with the most pronounced effects in complex, multi-feature conditions. Significance: By testing alternative hypotheses and predictions, this exploratory study will clarify the extent to which speech processing differences in ASD reflect cognitive biases (local vs. global, per EPF/WCC/NCH) versus speech-specific neurophysiological disruptions. Findings will advance our understanding of the sensory and integrative mechanisms underlying communication difficulties in ASD, particularly in tonal language contexts, and may inform the development of linguistically tailored interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Language Perception and Processing)
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