Advancements in Olfactory Research: From Physiology and Pathophysiology to Technological Aspects

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Neuropharmacology and Neuropathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 October 2024 | Viewed by 725

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
Interests: translational medicine; drug discovery; public health; neural signaling and synaptic transmission in the central nervous system; functional organization of the olfactory and limbic system; cellular and network mechanisms of brain function and dysfunction studied with electrophysiological, optical, anatomical, and pharmacological methods
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sense of smell is of critical importance in our daily lives, which contributes to our personal well-being and safety as well as interpersonal communication. However, it is only when a disease or injury impairs its function that we appreciate the relevance of this sensory modality. In the past three decades, research of the olfactory sense has seen major advancements and an ever-growing interest.

The aim of this Special Issue of Brain Sciences is to increase awareness and synthesize the latest findings and, at the same time, showcase cutting-edge perspectives in olfactory research. This Special Issue intends to provide the readers with a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art of olfaction in humans and animal models. It aims to address all aspects of olfaction, ranging from molecular, cellular, developmental, and systems to cognitive and behavioral topics as well as clinical studies. This Special Issue welcomes submissions of original and review articles, as well as opinion, methods, and modeling studies. Manuscripts can focus on recent advancements in specific areas of olfactory physiology or pathophysiology, or on technological developments to study olfactory function and dysfunction.

Prof. Dr. Thomas Heinbockel
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • olfaction
  • olfactory cortex
  • olfactory bulb
  • olfactory epithelium
  • odor-guided behavior
  • neurodegenerative disease
  • COVID-19

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 3789 KiB  
Article
Firing Patterns of Mitral Cells and Their Transformation in the Main Olfactory Bulb
by Ze-Jun Wang, Liqin Sun and Thomas Heinbockel
Brain Sci. 2024, 14(7), 678; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci14070678 - 3 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Mitral cells (MCs) in the main olfactory bulb relay odor information to higher-order olfactory centers by encoding the information in the form of action potentials. The firing patterns of these cells are influenced by both their intrinsic properties and their synaptic connections within [...] Read more.
Mitral cells (MCs) in the main olfactory bulb relay odor information to higher-order olfactory centers by encoding the information in the form of action potentials. The firing patterns of these cells are influenced by both their intrinsic properties and their synaptic connections within the neural network. However, reports on MC firing patterns have been inconsistent, and the mechanisms underlying these patterns remain unclear. Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in mouse brain slices, we discovered that MCs exhibit two types of integrative behavior: regular/rhythmic firing and bursts of action potentials. These firing patterns could be transformed both spontaneously and chemically. MCs with regular firing maintained their pattern even in the presence of blockers of fast synaptic transmission, indicating this was an intrinsic property. However, regular firing could be transformed into bursting by applying GABAA receptor antagonists to block inhibitory synaptic transmission. Burst firing could be reverted to regular firing by blocking ionotropic glutamate receptors, rather than applying a GABAA receptor agonist, indicating that ionotropic glutamatergic transmission mediated this transformation. Further experiments on long-lasting currents (LLCs), which generated burst firing, also supported this mechanism. In addition, cytoplasmic Ca2+ in MCs was involved in the transformation of firing patterns mediated by glutamatergic transmission. Metabotropic glutamate receptors also played a role in LLCs in MCs. These pieces of evidence indicate that odor information can be encoded on a mitral cell (MC) platform, where it can be relayed to higher-order olfactory centers through intrinsic and dendrodendritic mechanisms in MCs. Full article
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