Novel Targets and Therapies for Motor Neuron Diseases

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2019) | Viewed by 5351

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Applied Sciences, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 1121 W. Michigan Street, Room 260A, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA
Interests: neurodegeneration; ALS; neurotrauma; neural regeneration
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Motor neuron diseases (MND) collectively cause progressive loss of motor control to muscles of the body, instigating a range of symptoms including paralysis of the limbs, speech difficulties (dysphonia), swallowing dysfunction (dysphagia) and respiratory failure. Several forms of MND have been classified, and the most common and well known is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Some MND have a genetic component and are hereditary, though many cases are sporadic and the cause is unknown. Various cell types and structures in both the central nervous system and periphery contribute to the course of disease progression, and once diagnosed the disease has often reached advanced stages. Though the need is critical, there are no cures for MND, and available treatments are limited. As such, understanding disease progression before and beyond symptom onset, and identifying and developing novel therapies to delay or halt progression and extend lifespan are of great importance. This Special Issue is dedicated to highlighting exciting research into novel therapeutics which may have positive effects on MND at different stages of disease progression with the ultimate goal of identifying truly effective treatments for translation to clinical application.

Dr. Chandler L. Walker
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neurodegeneration
  • ALS
  • neurotrauma
  • neural regeneration

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 7291 KiB  
Article
Systemic Dental Pulp Stem Cell Secretome Therapy in a Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
by Junmei Wang, Kirstin Zuzzio and Chandler L. Walker
Brain Sci. 2019, 9(7), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9070165 - 14 Jul 2019
Cited by 27 | Viewed by 5005
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motor neuron (MN) disease with no cure. Accumulating evidence indicates ALS involves a complex interaction between central glia and the peripheral immune response and neuromuscular interface. Stem cell secretomes contain various beneficial trophic factors and cytokines, [...] Read more.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motor neuron (MN) disease with no cure. Accumulating evidence indicates ALS involves a complex interaction between central glia and the peripheral immune response and neuromuscular interface. Stem cell secretomes contain various beneficial trophic factors and cytokines, and we recently demonstrated that administration of the secretome of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) during early neuromuscular junction (NMJ) denervation in the mutant superoxide dismutase (mSOD1G93A) ALS mouse ameliorated NMJ disruption. In the present study, we hypothesized that administration of dental pulp stem cell secretome in the form of conditioned medium (DPSC-CM) at different stages of disease would promote NMJ innervation, prevent MN loss and extend lifespan. Our findings show that DPSC-CM significantly improved NMJ innervation at postnatal day (PD) 47 compared to vehicle treated mSOD1G93A mice (p < 0.05). During late pre-symptomatic stages (PD70-P91), DPSC-CM significantly increased MN survival (p < 0.01) and NMJ preservation (p < 0.05), while reactive gliosis in the ventral horn remained unaffected. For DPSC-CM treated mSOD1G93A mice beginning at symptom onset, post-onset days of survival as well as overall lifespan was significantly increased compared to vehicle treated mice (p < 0.05). This is the first study to show therapeutic benefits of systemic DPSC secretome in experimental ALS, and establishes a foundation for future research into the treatment effects and mechanistic analyses of DPSC and other stem cell secretome therapies in ALS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Targets and Therapies for Motor Neuron Diseases)
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