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Cancers
Special Issues
Inflammation in Cancers
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Inflammation in Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 October 2024 | Viewed by 5171

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Giovanni Monteleone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
Interests: colon cancer; cell signaling; cytokines; inflammation-related cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammation is often closely related to tumorigenesis and is a recognized hallmark of cancer. It has been widely reported that inflammatory processes modulate the course of cancer by stimulating or inhibiting its growth. Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which either promotes or suppresses tumor progression.

A deeper understanding of common pathways, implicated between inflammation and cancer, may pave the way to the introduction of new diagnostic and novel therapeutics.

This Special Issue invites papers that cover all aspects of the role played by inflammation in cancer development and progression.

Prof. Dr. Giovanni Monteleone
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammation
  • cancer
  • DNA damage
  • liquid biopsy
  • tumorigenesis
  • cancer marker
  • chronic inflammation

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2018 KiB  
Article
SMAD7 Sustains XIAP Expression and Migration of Colorectal Carcinoma Cells
by Marco Colella, Andrea Iannucci, Claudia Maresca, Francesco Albano, Carmela Mazzoccoli, Federica Laudisi, Ivan Monteleone and Giovanni Monteleone
Cancers 2024, 16(13), 2370; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16132370 - 28 Jun 2024
Viewed by 854
Abstract
The reorganization of the cell cytoskeleton and changes in the content of cell adhesion molecules are crucial during the metastatic spread of tumor cells. Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells express high SMAD7, a protein involved in the control of CRC cell growth. In the [...] Read more.
The reorganization of the cell cytoskeleton and changes in the content of cell adhesion molecules are crucial during the metastatic spread of tumor cells. Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells express high SMAD7, a protein involved in the control of CRC cell growth. In the present study, we evaluated whether SMAD7 regulates the cytoskeleton reorganization and dynamics in CRC. Knockdown of SMAD7 with a specific antisense oligonucleotide (AS) in HCT116 and DLD1, two human CRC cell lines, reduced the migration rate and the content of F-ACTIN filaments. A gene array, real-time PCR, and Western blotting of SMAD7 AS-treated cells showed a marked down-regulation of the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis family, which has been implicated in cancer cell migration. IL-6 and IL-22, two cytokines that activate STAT3, enhanced XIAP in cancer cells, and such induction was attenuated in SMAD7-deficient cells. Finally, in human CRC, SMAD7 mRNA correlated with XIAP expression. Our data show that SMAD7 positively regulates XIAP expression and migration of CRC cells, and suggest a mechanism by which SMAD7 controls the architecture components of the CRC cell cytoskeleton. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammation in Cancers)
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12 pages, 1950 KiB  
Article
Cachexia-Affected Survival Based on Inflammatory Parameters Compared to Complex Conventional Nutritional Assessments in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer and Other Gastrointestinal Tumors—The CONKO 020 Investigation
by Johanna W. Meyer-Knees, Janina Falkenthal, Dominik Geisel, Christopher C. M. Neumann, Georg Hilfenhaus, Lars U. Stephan, Wenzel Schöning, Thomas Malinka, Johann Pratschke, Sebastian Stintzing and Uwe Pelzer
Cancers 2024, 16(6), 1194; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061194 - 18 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1048
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still a complex, devastating disease. Cachexia symptoms frequently impair patient survival. This accompanying syndrome is commonly diagnosed late, when clinical signs become evident. Early diagnosis using conventional measurement methods is often difficult, and the discrimination of this disease [...] Read more.
Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is still a complex, devastating disease. Cachexia symptoms frequently impair patient survival. This accompanying syndrome is commonly diagnosed late, when clinical signs become evident. Early diagnosis using conventional measurement methods is often difficult, and the discrimination of this disease from cancer progression is challenging and often overlaps. The aim of this study was to analyze whether conventional nutritional assessments or laboratory biomarkers are better predictive tools for the early detection of patients at risk of reduced survival. Methods: We analyzed a prospective predefined cohort of 182 patients with gastrointestinal cancer, 120 patients with PDAC and—as controls—62 patients with other gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma (oAC), from whom we have sufficient data of protocol-defined conventional nutritional assessments, clinical data, and specific laboratory parameters. Results: at the time of tumor diagnosis, high inflammatory biomarkers (c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)) and albumin serum levels were associated with impaired OS in PDAC patients, but not in patients with oAC. Hemoglobin, body mass index (BMI), and bioelectrical assessments alone did not have a prognostic impact at the time of diagnosis. In a multivariate analysis, only CRP (HR 1.91 (1.25–2.92), p = 0.003) was found to be an independent prognostic factor in PDAC patients. Over the course of the disease in PDAC patients, inflammatory biomarkers, albumin, hemoglobin, and bioelectrical assessments were associated with impaired OS. In multivariate testing, CRP (HR 2.21 (1.38–3.55), p < 0.001) and albumin (HR 1.71 (1.05–2.77), p = 0.030) were found to be independent prognostic factors in PDAC patients. Conclusion: Specifically for PDAC patients, high inflammatory index and albumin serum levels potentially represent a sufficient early surrogate marker to detect patients at high risk of impaired OS better than complex conventional methods. These findings could help to identify patients who may benefit from early therapeutic interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammation in Cancers)
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20 pages, 791 KiB  
Article
C-Reactive Protein as an Early Predictor of Efficacy in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Tumor Dynamics-Biomarker Modeling Framework
by Yomna M. Nassar, Francis Williams Ojara, Alejandro Pérez-Pitarch, Kimberly Geiger, Wilhelm Huisinga, Niklas Hartung, Robin Michelet, Stefan Holdenrieder, Markus Joerger and Charlotte Kloft
Cancers 2023, 15(22), 5429; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15225429 - 15 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1719
Abstract
In oncology, longitudinal biomarkers reflecting the patient’s status and disease evolution can offer reliable predictions of the patient’s response to treatment and prognosis. By leveraging clinical data in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy, we aimed to develop a framework [...] Read more.
In oncology, longitudinal biomarkers reflecting the patient’s status and disease evolution can offer reliable predictions of the patient’s response to treatment and prognosis. By leveraging clinical data in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy, we aimed to develop a framework combining anticancer drug exposure, tumor dynamics (RECIST criteria), and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, using nonlinear mixed-effects models, to evaluate and quantify by means of parametric time-to-event models the significance of early longitudinal predictors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Tumor dynamics was characterized by a tumor size (TS) model accounting for anticancer drug exposure and development of drug resistance. CRP concentrations over time were characterized by a turnover model. An x-fold change in TS from baseline linearly affected CRP production. CRP concentration at treatment cycle 3 (day 42) and the difference between CRP concentration at treatment cycles 3 and 2 were the strongest predictors of PFS and OS. Measuring longitudinal CRP allows for the monitoring of inflammatory levels and, along with its reduction across treatment cycles, presents a promising prognostic marker. This framework could be applied to other treatment modalities such as immunotherapies or targeted therapies allowing the timely identification of patients at risk of early progression and/or short survival to spare them unnecessary toxicities and provide alternative treatment decisions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammation in Cancers)
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Review

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21 pages, 504 KiB  
Review
Prognostic Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review of Challenges and Opportunities
by Mark Stares, Leo R. Brown, Dhruv Abhi and Iain Phillips
Cancers 2024, 16(8), 1508; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16081508 - 15 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1026
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common malignancy and is associated with poor survival outcomes. Biomarkers of systemic inflammation derived from blood tests collected as part of routine clinical care offer prognostic information for patients with NSCLC that may assist clinical decision [...] Read more.
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common malignancy and is associated with poor survival outcomes. Biomarkers of systemic inflammation derived from blood tests collected as part of routine clinical care offer prognostic information for patients with NSCLC that may assist clinical decision making. They are an attractive tool, as they are inexpensive, easily measured, and reproducible in a variety of healthcare settings. Despite the wealth of evidence available to support them, these inflammatory biomarkers are not yet routinely used in clinical practice. In this narrative review, the key inflammatory indices reported in the literature and their prognostic significance in NSCLC are described. Key challenges limiting their clinical application are highlighted, including the need to define the optimal biomarker of systemic inflammation, a lack of understanding of the systemic inflammatory landscape of NSCLC as a heterogenous disease, and the lack of clinical relevance in reported outcomes. These challenges may be overcome with standardised recording and reporting of inflammatory biomarkers, clinicopathological factors, and survival outcomes. This will require a collaborative approach, to which this field of research lends itself. This work may be aided by the rise of data-driven research, including the potential to utilise modern electronic patient records and advanced data-analysis techniques. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Inflammation in Cancers)
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