Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in Cancer Targeted Therapy (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 1421

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
PhD in Health Sciences, Auxiliary Researcher at Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
Interests: molecular-targeted therapies in cancer; oncogenic signaling pathways; prognostic biomarkers; cancer metabolism; molecular mechanisms of therapy resistance in oncology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the second edition of "Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in Cancer Targeted Therapy" (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/cancers/special_issues/TKI_Cancer_Therapy).

An ideal anticancer strategy would be one that selectively restricts the proliferation and survival of tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Molecular-targeted therapies, which are tailored to interfere specifically with the key molecular aberrations that drive the malignant phenotype, are designed to meet this criterion, holding great promise for expanding the therapeutic window in cancer cases. The definition of signaling pathways to understand tumor biology, combined with the rapid development of technologies that allow for high-throughput molecular analysis of tumors, has led to a new era of precision medicine in oncology, with the development of drugs targeted against oncogenic tyrosine kinases. A tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is a pharmaceutical drug that inhibits tyrosine kinases, which are enzymes responsible for the activation of many proteins via signal transduction cascades.

Although the concept of oncogene addiction has led to some initially impressive clinical results, it is also apparent that tumors can often escape their oncogene addicted state, causing relapse of the tumor even after pronounced initial responses. Thus, the main challenges in precision oncology include both the identification of tyrosine kinases that enable for the selection of patient populations that are most likely to benefit from the treatment and anticipation of the driven resistance molecular mechanisms.

This Special Issue will highlight the importance of tyrosine kinase-targeted therapies in oncological patient management, covering new basic and preclinical discoveries in the fields of predictive biomarkers or resistance drivers to TKI in cancer patients.

Dr. Olga Martinho
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • molecular-targeted therapies
  • TKI inhibitors
  • oncogene signaling pathways
  • precision oncology
  • predictive biomarkers
  • therapy resistance

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 4900 KiB  
Article
Unveiling the RKIP and EGFR Inverse Relationship in Solid Tumors: A Case Study in Cervical Cancer
by Diana Cardoso-Carneiro, Joana Pinheiro, Patrícia Fontão, Rosete Nogueira, Maria Gabriela-Freitas, Ana Raquel-Cunha, Adriana Mendes, Adhemar Longatto-Filho, Fábio Marques, Marise A. R. Moreira, Rui M. Reis and Olga Martinho
Cancers 2024, 16(12), 2182; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16122182 - 10 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1120
Abstract
Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein (RKIP) is recognized as a bona fide tumor suppressor gene, and its diminished expression or loss is associated with the progression and poor prognosis of various solid tumors. It exerts multifaceted roles in carcinogenesis by modulating diverse intracellular signaling [...] Read more.
Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein (RKIP) is recognized as a bona fide tumor suppressor gene, and its diminished expression or loss is associated with the progression and poor prognosis of various solid tumors. It exerts multifaceted roles in carcinogenesis by modulating diverse intracellular signaling pathways, including those governed by HER receptors such as MAPK. Given the significance of HER receptor overexpression in numerous tumor types, we investigated the potential oncogenic relationship between RKIP and HER receptors in solid tumors. Through a comprehensive in silico analysis of 30 TCGA PanCancer Atlas studies encompassing solid tumors (10,719 samples), we uncovered compelling evidence of an inverse correlation between RKIP and EGFR expression in solid tumors observed in 25 out of 30 studies. Conversely, a predominantly positive association was noted for the other HER receptors (ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4). In particular, cervical cancer (CC) emerged as a tumor type exhibiting a robust inverse association between RKIP and EGFR expression, a finding that was further validated in a cohort of 202 patient samples. Subsequent in vitro experiments involving pharmacological and genetic modulation of EGFR and RKIP showed that RKIP depletion led to significant upregulation of EGFR mRNA levels and induction of EGFR phosphorylation. Conversely, EGFR overactivation decreased RKIP expression in CC cell lines. Additionally, we identified a common molecular signature among patients depicting low RKIP and high EGFR expression and demonstrated the prognostic value of this inverse correlation in CC patients. In conclusion, our findings reveal an inverse association between RKIP and EGFR expression across various solid tumors, shedding new light on the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to the aggressive phenotype associated with RKIP and EGFR in cervical cancer. Full article
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