Gynecological Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2025 | Viewed by 341

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: gynecologic oncology; cervical cancer screening; cervical cancer prevention; quality of life during and after cancer treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Gynecological Cancer Center, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
2. Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
3. Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia
Interests: gynecological oncology; ovarian cancer; vulvar cancer; experimental cancer research; multi-omics; BRCA-deficiency; poor survivors; homologous recombination deficiency; minimal invasive surgical procedures

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Guest Editor
Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-189 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: uterine fibroids; pharmacology; miminally invasive therapy; reproductive endocrinology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gynecological cancers, including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, vaginal, and vulvar malignancies, represent a significant global health burden. Despite advancements in medical research, early detection, prevention strategies, and therapeutic options remain critical challenges in managing these malignancies. This Special Issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research on the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of gynecological cancers. We invite authors to explore innovative diagnostic tools, novel therapeutic approaches, and strategies to reduce the incidence of these cancers. The Special Issue will provide insights into molecular mechanisms, personalized medicine, and emerging trends in treatment, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes and survival rates.

Dr. Joanna P. Kacperczyk-Bartnik
Dr. Tibor Andrea Zwimpfer
Prof. Dr. Michał Ciebiera
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • gynecological cancer
  • ovarian cancer
  • cervical cancer
  • endometrial cancer
  • early diagnosis
  • cancer prevention
  • prognosis
  • molecular mechanisms
  • personalized medicine
  • novel therapies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 1654 KiB  
Article
Endocrine Maintenance Therapy in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer: A Retrospective Off-Label Real-World Cohort Study
by Franziska Geissler, Flurina Graf, Tibor A. Zwimpfer, Ruth S. Eller, Bich Doan Nguyen-Sträuli, Andreas Schötzau, Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz and Ursula Gobrecht-Keller
Cancers 2025, 17(), 1301; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17081301 - 12 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Background: Endocrine therapy is the standard-of-care maintenance treatment for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers and is increasingly used in low-grade serous ovarian cancer. However, its therapeutic role in the early maintenance setting for ER-positive high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) remains undefined. Methods: A [...] Read more.
Background: Endocrine therapy is the standard-of-care maintenance treatment for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers and is increasingly used in low-grade serous ovarian cancer. However, its therapeutic role in the early maintenance setting for ER-positive high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) remains undefined. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinicopathological data from patients with newly diagnosed ER-positive HGSC following completion of adjuvant chemotherapy. Patients received maintenance therapy either with or without the aromatase inhibitor letrozole, in addition to standard maintenance care. ER expression levels and the administration of letrozole were analyzed, along with outcome measures for the entire cohort, with stratification based on residual disease status. Results: A total of 102 patients with newly diagnosed HGSC were included in the analysis, with 64 (62.7%) receiving letrozole and 38 (37.3%) not receiving letrozole. The median ER expression was 70%, with higher expression observed in the letrozole group compared to the no letrozole group (77.5% vs. 60%). No significant correlation was found between ER expression status and therapy response (p = 0.295 and p = 0.176, respectively). Letrozole therapy was well tolerated with no major adverse effects reported. In the overall cohort, maintenance letrozole therapy did not confer a significant improvement in progression-free survival (median 20.56 months vs. 29.34 months, p = 0.53) or overall survival (OS) (median 79.48 months vs. 46.85 months, p = 0.71) over a median follow-up duration of 23.5 months. However, among patients with no residual disease, maintenance letrozole therapy was associated with a statistically significant improvement in OS compared to those not receiving letrozole (median 114 months vs. 46.9 months, p = 0.006). Conclusions: Maintenance letrozole therapy appears to be a well-tolerated and potentially beneficial intervention in a subset of patients with ER-positive HGSC with no residual disease post-treatment. These findings highlight the need for further validation through prospective randomized trials to comprehensively assess the efficacy of endocrine therapy in this setting and its implications for patient quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gynecological Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment)
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