Targeted Treatment of Brain Cancer: From Basic Research to Clinical Relevance in the Treatment of Glioma Patients

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 6422

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Neurosurgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, J618, DK8200 Aarhus, Denmark
2. Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Incuba Skejby, Building 2, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 82, J618, DK8200 Aarhus, Denmark
Interests: glioma; tumor-treating fields; neurosurgical methods; neuron-to-brain tumor synapses

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Guest Editor
Department of Oncology (Neuro Oncology), Copenhagen University Hospital, Blegdamsvej 9, DK2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
Interests: glioma; imaging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Malignant glioma is a devastating cancer with poor prognosis and no cure. The current treatment involves a combination of maximum safe resection, concurrent chemo/radiation, adjuvant chemotherapy, and tumor-treating fields. However, the median overall survival remains only 1–2 years depending on predictive molecular and clinical features. Recurrent disease has no effective treatments, highlighting a pressing need for significant advancements in both primary and recurrent glioma disease. In 2016, molecular analyses were included in the WHO diagnostic criteria for brain cancer and updated in 2021, with genomic profiling becoming a standard in many countries.

To address this critical need, the scientific journal Cancers is pleased to announce a Special Issue dedicated to targeted treatments and their evaluation methods for malignant glioma. This comprehensive overview will cover recent initiatives and research with a focus on translational and clinical relevance. Modalities such as tracer-specific imaging and imaging sequencing optimization, liquid biopsies with ctDNA, surgical procedures, individualized radiation therapy, biomarker-based and/or precision medical therapy, and real-world patient data collection will be explored. The issue will also include studies with negative results.

We invite basic and clinical researchers in the fields of imaging, surgery, oncology, radiation-oncology, pathology, and genomics to contribute their expertise to this important Special Issue. By sharing the latest research and developments, we hope to advance targeted treatments and improve outcomes for patients with malignant glioma.

Dr. Anders Rosendal Korshoej
Dr. Dorte Schou Nørøxe
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • targeted treatment
  • personalized medicine
  • glioma
  • glioblastoma
  • tumor heterogeneity
  • tumor microenvironment

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4321 KiB  
Article
Effect of Dimeric Disintegrins Isolated from Vipera lebetina obtusa Venom on Glioblastoma Cellular Responses
by Anna Galicka, Łukasz Szoka, Iwona Radziejewska and Cezary Marcinkiewicz
Cancers 2023, 15(19), 4805; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15194805 - 29 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1155
Abstract
Integrins play a fundamental role in the migration and invasiveness of glioblastoma (GBM) cells, making them suitable targets for innovative cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the RGD homodimeric disintegrin VLO4, isolated from Vipera lebetina obtusa [...] Read more.
Integrins play a fundamental role in the migration and invasiveness of glioblastoma (GBM) cells, making them suitable targets for innovative cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the RGD homodimeric disintegrin VLO4, isolated from Vipera lebetina obtusa venom, on the adhesion, spreading, migration, and survival of LBC3, LN18, and LN229 cell lines. This disintegrin, as a potent antagonist for α5β1 integrin, showed pro-adhesive properties for these cell lines, the highest for LN229 and the lowest for LBC3. Glioblastoma cells displayed significant differences in the spreading on the immobilized VLO4 and the natural α5β1 integrin ligand, fibronectin. Solubilized VLO4 showed different cytotoxicity and pro-apoptotic properties among tested cell lines, with the highest against LN18 and none against LN229. Moreover, VLO4 revealed an inhibitory effect on the migration of LBC3 and LN18 cell lines, in contrast to LN229 cells, which were not sensitive to this disintegrin. However, LN229 migration was impaired by VLO5, a disintegrin antagonistic to integrin α9β1, used in combination with VLO4. A possible mechanism of action of VLO4 may be related to the downregulation of α5β1 integrin subunit expression, as revealed by Western blot. VLO4 also inhibited cell proliferation and induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in LBC3 and LN18 cell lines. These results indicate that targeting α5β1 integrin by related VLO4 compounds may be useful in the development of integrin-targeted therapy for glioblastoma. Full article
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Review

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20 pages, 576 KiB  
Review
Emerging Therapies for Glioblastoma
by Stella Aimé Rios, Stephanie Oyervides, David Uribe, Angelica Maree Reyes, Victor Fanniel, Jonathan Vazquez and Megan Keniry
Cancers 2024, 16(8), 1485; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16081485 - 12 Apr 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2907
Abstract
Glioblastoma is most commonly a primary brain tumor and the utmost malignant one, with a survival rate of approximately 12–18 months. Glioblastoma is highly heterogeneous, demonstrating that different types of cells from the same tumor can manifest distinct gene expression patterns and biological [...] Read more.
Glioblastoma is most commonly a primary brain tumor and the utmost malignant one, with a survival rate of approximately 12–18 months. Glioblastoma is highly heterogeneous, demonstrating that different types of cells from the same tumor can manifest distinct gene expression patterns and biological behaviors. Conventional therapies such as temozolomide, radiation, and surgery have limitations. As of now, there is no cure for glioblastoma. Alternative treatment methods to eradicate glioblastoma are discussed in this review, including targeted therapies to PI3K, NFKβ, JAK-STAT, CK2, WNT, NOTCH, Hedgehog, and TGFβ pathways. The highly novel application of oncolytic viruses and nanomaterials in combating glioblastoma are also discussed. Despite scores of clinical trials for glioblastoma, the prognosis remains poor. Progress in breaching the blood–brain barrier with nanomaterials and novel avenues for targeted and combination treatments hold promise for the future development of efficacious glioblastoma therapies. Full article
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11 pages, 274 KiB  
Review
The Lipidomic Signature of Glioblastoma: A Promising Frontier in Cancer Research
by Nina Yu and Orwa Aboud
Cancers 2024, 16(6), 1089; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16061089 - 8 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1862
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain malignancy in adults, and has a survival duration of approximately 15 months. First line treatment involves surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation, but despite the multi-pronged approach and advances in cancer research, glioblastoma remains devastating with a [...] Read more.
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive primary brain malignancy in adults, and has a survival duration of approximately 15 months. First line treatment involves surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation, but despite the multi-pronged approach and advances in cancer research, glioblastoma remains devastating with a high mortality rate. Lipidomics is an emerging discipline that studies lipid pathways and characteristics, and is a promising field to understand biochemical mechanisms. In glioblastoma, disrupted lipid homeostasis has been reported in the literature. A thorough understanding of serum lipidomics may offer ways to better understand glioblastoma biomarkers, prognosis, and treatment options. Here, we review the literature, offering future directions for lipidomics research in glioblastomas. Full article
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